Experimental endocrine manipulation by contraceptive regimen in the male marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
Experimental endocrine manipulation by contraceptive regimen in the male marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
复制标题
通过避孕方案对雄性狨猴（Callithrix jacchus）进行实验性内分泌调控。
作者：
J. Wistuba;C. Luetjens;J. Ehmcke;K. Redmann;O. S. Damm;A. Steinhoff;R. Sandhowe;E. Nieschlag;M. Simoni;S. Schlatt
绒猴被用作生殖研究的临床前模型。与其他灵长类动物相比，它们显示出较短的妊娠时间，使该物种有效探索对生育力的影响。然而，它们独特的内分泌调节不同于猕猴和人类。我们对雄性绒猴进行了先前临床测试的激素治疗方案，这些方案已知能有效抑制精子发生。除对照组外，还对7组（每组n=6）进行了长达42个月的不同时期的研究：方案I（4组）接受十一酸睾酮（TU）和庚酸炔诺酮（NETE）;方案II（2组）接受TU和NETE，然后仅接受NETE;方案III（1组）仅接受NETE。每周监测睾丸体积、细胞倍性和组织学、内分泌变化和生育力。TU和NETE以及最初的TU和NETE治疗后的NETE未能抑制精子发生和生育力。睾丸体积下降，尽管精子发生仅受到轻度影响;然而，睾丸细胞组成保持稳定。当单独给予NETE时，血清睾酮水平下降，但动物仍能生育。与对照组相比，精子活力和生育力无显著变化。TU和NETE给药仅轻度影响睾丸功能，表明绒毛膜促性腺激素和睾酮对精子发生的调节作用明显有限，睾丸功能得以维持，尽管内分泌轴受到治疗的影响。总之，绒猴表现出不同的反应，从猕猴或男性的男性避孕方案，并被认为是一个有问题的模型男性激素避孕的临床前试验。
Marmosets are used as preclinical model in reproductive research. In contrast to other primates, they display short gestation times rendering this species valid for exploration of effects on fertility. However, their peculiar endocrine regulation differs from a those of macaques and humans. We subjected male marmosets to previously clinically tested hormonal regimens that are known to effectively suppress spermatogenesis. Beside a control group, seven groups (each n=6) were investigated for different periods of up to 42 months: regimen I, (four groups) received testosterone undecanoate (TU) and norethisterone enanthate (NETE); regimen II, (two groups) received TU and NETE followed by NETE only; and regimen III, (one group) received NETE only. Testicular volume, cell ploidy and histology, endocrine changes and fertility were monitored weekly. TU and NETE and initial TU and NETE treatment followed by NETE failed to suppress spermatogenesis and fertility. Testicular volumes dropped, although spermatogenesis was only mildly affected; however, testicular cellular composition remained stable. Serum testosterone dropped when NETE was given alone but the animals remained fertile. Compared with controls, no significant changes were observed in sperm motility and fertility. Administration of TU and NETE affected testicular function only mildly, indicating that the regulatory role of chorionic gonadotrophin and testosterone on spermatogenesis is obviously limited and testicular function is maintained, although the endocrine axis is affected by the treatment. In conclusion, marmosets showed a different response to regimens of male contraception from macaques or men and have to be considered as a problematic model for preclinical trials of male hormonal contraception.