Cryptic Mate Preference in Male Bicyclus anynana Butterflies
Cryptic Mate Preference in Male Bicyclus anynana Butterflies
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DOI：
10.1007/s10905-023-09814-x
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发表时间：
2023-01-10
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Westerman，Erica L. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Siebenmorgen，Jacob P. P.;Tibbs，Taryn L. L.;Westerman，Erica L. L.
虽然与雌性选择相比，雄性择偶很少受到关注，但这种情况经常发生在昆虫中。此外，雄性昆虫可能会根据雌性的质量优先分配精子和射精。先前的研究表明，雄性双环蝴蝶可以通过之前与雌性的接触来了解交配偏好，尽管幼稚的雄性蝴蝶是随机交配的。目前还不清楚这种偏好学习是否也会影响雄性在配偶选择后精子和射精的分配，或者雄性是否对雌性翅膀图案有独立于偏好学习的神秘择偶偏好。这里我们测试一下是否B.任何雄性都会根据习得的偏好来调整精子和射精的分配。我们还评估雄性是否表现出天生的神秘偏好，并根据雌性翅膀模式调整其精子和射精。我们比较了四种无选择处理中雌性产卵的数量和精囊（雄性蝴蝶射精）的重量：幼稚的雄性蝴蝶（之前没有接触过雌性），与 2 或 0 点雌性配对，以及经验丰富的雄性蝴蝶（之前与 0 点雌性有过三小时的互动），与 2 或 0 点雌性配对。使用的所有雌性均为自然2斑点雌性，0斑点雌性具有人为遮挡的斑点。我们发现，与雄性经验无关，0 斑点雌性产下的卵明显多于 2 斑点雌性。女性表型或男性经历对精子重量没有影响。我们的研究结果表明，maleB. Anynana 对 0 斑点雌性有一种与生俱来的神秘偏好，其他研究表明，只有在早期经验增强时，这种偏好才会被视为交配前的偏好。
While male mate choice has received sparse attention in comparison to female choice, it occurs often in insects. In addition, male insects may preferentially allocate sperm and ejaculate in response to female quality. Previous research indicates that maleBicyclus anynanabutterflies can learn mate preference through prior exposure to females, though naïve males mate randomly. It is unclear whether this preference learning may also influence male sperm and ejaculate allocation after mate selection, or whether males have cryptic mate preference for female wing patterns independent of preference learning. Here we test whetherB. anynanamales adjust their sperm and ejaculate allocation in response to a learned preference. We also assess whether males exhibit an innate cryptic preference and adjust their sperm and ejaculate in response to female wing pattern. We compared number of eggs laid by females and spermatophore (male butterfly ejaculate) weight in four no-choice treatments: naïve male butterflies (having no prior exposure to females), paired with a 2 or 0-spot female, and experienced male butterflies (having a previous three-hour interaction with a 0-spot female), paired with a 2 or 0-spot female. All females used were naturally 2-spot females, 0-spot females had artificially blocked spots. We found that 0-spot females laid significantly more eggs than 2-spot females, independent of male experience. There was no effect of female phenotype or male experience on spermatophore weight. Our findings suggest that maleB. anynanahave an innate cryptic preference for 0-spot females, which has been shown in other studies to only be seen as a pre-copulatory preference when enhanced by early experience.