Demonstration of lightweight gamma spectrometry systems in urban environments
Demonstration of lightweight gamma spectrometry systems in urban environments
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvrad.2013.03.006
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Weir, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cresswell, A. J.;Sanderson, D. C. W.;Weir, A.
城市地区呈现出高度复杂的辐射环境;不同的建筑材料、地形影响以及过去工业活动或其他来源的潜在人为输入导致了小规模特征。绘制城市地区辐射场的地图，可以详细评估在那里生活和工作的人的照射途径，并确定可能需要清除以减轻公众剂量的离散活动源。这些地区也给使用车辆或飞机进行辐射测绘造成了困难。一个轻便的便携式伽马能谱测量系统已被用于调查格拉斯哥附近的网站，以证明城市地区的辐射测绘的可能性，并调查复杂的辐射特征，这些地区目前。自然活动的变化，由于建筑材料已被描述，Cs-137的存在，用于确定相对未受干扰的地面，并确定了以前未知的NORM功能。对地形封闭对放射性浓度测量的影响进行了量化。便携式系统的输出相比，可能是预期从更大的车辆或机载系统。对于大面积区域，航空勘测是最具成本效益的方法，但提供有限的空间分辨率，车辆勘测可以快速提供稀疏的勘探数据或详细的开放区域地图，其中越野访问是可能的。背包系统非常适合小区域的详细调查，特别是在车辆难以进入的地方。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Urban areas present highly complex radiation environments; with small scale features resulting from different construction materials, topographic effects and potential anthropogenic inputs from past industrial activity or other sources. Mapping of the radiation fields in urban areas allows a detailed assessment of exposure pathways for the people who live and work there, as well as locating discrete sources of activity that may warrant removal to mitigate dose to the general public. These areas also present access difficulties for radiometric mapping using vehicles or aircraft. A lightweight portable gamma spectrometry system has been used to survey sites in the vicinity of Glasgow to demonstrate the possibilities of radiometric mapping of urban areas, and to investigate the complex radiometric features such areas present. Variations in natural activity due to construction materials have been described, the presence of Cs-137 used to identify relatively undisturbed ground, and a previously unknown NORM feature identified. The effect of topographic enclosure on measurements of activity concentration has been quantified. The portable system is compared with the outputs that might be expected from larger vehicular or airborne systems. For large areas airborne surveys are the most cost effective approach, but provide limited spatial resolution, vehicular surveys can provide sparse exploratory data rapidly or detailed mapping of open areas where off-road access is possible. Backpack systems are ideally suited to detailed surveys of small areas, especially where vehicular access is difficult. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.