High resolution water body mapping for SWAT evaporative modelling in the Upper Oconee watershed of Georgia, USA
High resolution water body mapping for SWAT evaporative modelling in the Upper Oconee watershed of Georgia, USA
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美国佐治亚州上奥科尼流域 SWAT 蒸发模型高分辨率水体测绘
DOI：
10.1002/hyp.11398
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Jones, John W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ignatius, Amber R.;Jones, John W.
遥感和地理信息系统方面的技术进步表明，在整个地貌上有大量人工建造的水体。虽然研究表明小池塘在全球范围内普遍存在，特别是在美国东南部，但它们在蒸发变化方面的累积影响却没有得到很好的量化。本研究的目的是研究水文和蒸发的重要性，在上奥科尼流域的北方格鲁吉亚皮埃蒙特，美国，通过映射它们的位置和模拟这些小水库使用土壤水评估工具。比较土壤水分评估工具模型运行和不包括小水库表面积和体积。该模型使用1990-2013年的气象输入来代表校准和评估期间的干旱，高降水和中等降水年份。流量的统计比较表明，校准方法产生的结果是，没有水库的默认模型模拟比包括小水库的修改模型更接近观测流量（例如，Nash-Sutcliffe效率为0.72 vs. 0.64，r2为0.73 vs. 0.66，偏倚百分比为11.4 vs. 21.6）。此外，Penman-Monteith，Hargreaves和Priestley-Taylor蒸散方程被用来估计实际蒸发从2,219个小水体确定整个1936.8 km 2流域。根据所使用的蒸发方程，2003-2013年期间，水体平均蒸发0.03-0.036立方公里/年。进一步使用Penman-Monteith，如果不考虑水库，并应用流域其他地区的平均实际蒸散率，只有0.016 km 3的水会离开流域作为蒸散的结果。这一发现表明，建造小型水库使蒸发量平均每年增加0.017立方千米（约46，500立方米/天）。随着小型水库的建设继续进行，以及用于绘制这些水体的高分辨率图像数据变得越来越容易获得，为解决小型水体对蒸发和其他水文过程的累积影响而发展的流域模型将有更大的潜力使水资源管理界受益。
Technological improvements in remote sensing and geographic information systems have demonstrated the abundance of artificially constructed water bodies across the landscape. Although research has shown the ubiquity of small ponds globally, and in the southeastern United States in particular, their cumulative impact in terms of evaporative alteration is less well quantified. The objectives of this study are to examine the hydrologic and evaporative importance of small artificial water bodies in the Upper Oconee watershed in the northern Georgia Piedmont, USA, by mapping their locations and modelling these small reservoirs using the Soil Water Assessment Tool. Comparative Soil Water Assessment Tool models were run with and without the inclusion of small reservoir surface area and volume. The models used meteorological inputs from 1990–2013 to represent years with drought, high precipitation, and moderate precipitation for both the calibration and evaluation periods. Statistical comparison of streamflow indicated that the calibration methodology produced results where the default model simulation without reservoirs fit observed flows more closely than the modified model with small reservoirs included (e.g., Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.72 vs. 0.64,r2of 0.73 vs. 0.66, and percent bias of 11.4 vs. 21.6). In addition, Penman–Monteith, Hargreaves, and Priestley–Taylor evapotranspiration equations were used to estimate actual evaporation from 2,219 small water bodies identified throughout the 1,936.8 km2watershed. Depending on the evaporation equation used, water bodies evaporated an average of 0.03–0.036 km3/year for the period 2003–2013. Using Penman–Monteith further, if the reservoirs were not considered and average actual evapotranspiration rates from the rest of the basin were applied, only 0.016 km3of water would have left the basin as a result of evapotranspiration. This finding suggests construction of small reservoirs increased evaporation by an average of 0.017 km3per year (approximately 46,500 m3/day). As the construction of small reservoirs continues and high resolution image data used to map these water bodies becomes increasingly available, watershed models that evolve to address the cumulative impacts of small water bodies on evaporation and other hydrologic processes will have greater potential to benefit the water resource management community.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
Amber R. Ignatius;John W. Jones
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
1997
期刊：
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