Outdoor Atmospheric Microbial Diversity Is Associated With Urban Landscape Structure and Differs From Indoor-Transit Systems as Revealed by Mobile Monitoring and Three-Dimensional Spatial Analysis
Outdoor Atmospheric Microbial Diversity Is Associated With Urban Landscape Structure and Differs From Indoor-Transit Systems as Revealed by Mobile Monitoring and Three-Dimensional Spatial Analysis
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DOI：
10.3389/fevo.2021.620461
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发表时间：
2020-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Stewart;P. Kremer;K. Shakya;M. Conway;A. Saad
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文献类型：
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作者：
J. Stewart;P. Kremer;K. Shakya;M. Conway;A. Saad
微生物是城市地区近地表大气的丰富居民。微生物群落的分布可能有利于或阻碍人类健康和生态系统功能。空气微生物多样性的调查在自然和建筑环境中都是不常见的，调查多样性的调查在城市中是固定的，因此错过了与三维城市结构共变的微生物的连续暴露。城市中的个人通常是移动的，并且在一天之内将暴露于室外和室内交通系统内的各种城市结构。我们使用移动的监测微生物多样性和地理信息系统空间分析，在美国宾夕法尼亚州费城的室外和室内运输（地铁和火车汽车）环境。这项研究确定了三维城市景观在构建大气微生物群落中的作用，并采用了超过1,920公里的移动的监测来测量连续的生物多样性。我们发现了更多样化的社区户外显着不同的室内过境空气中的微生物群落结构，功能，可能的来源环境，和潜在的致病性部分的社会。城市景观结构的变化与室外样品中近地表大气微生物组的多样性和功能有关。
Microbes are abundant inhabitants of the near-surface atmosphere in urban areas. The distribution of microbial communities may benefit or hinder human wellbeing and ecosystem function. Surveys of airborne microbial diversity are uncommon in both natural and built environments and those that investigate diversity are stationary in the city, thus missing continuous exposure to microbes that covary with three-dimensional urban structure. Individuals in cities are generally mobile and would be exposed to diverse urban structures outdoors and within indoor-transit systems in a day. We used mobile monitoring of microbial diversity and geographic information system spatial analysis, across Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA in outdoor and indoor-transit (subways and train cars) environments. This study identifies to the role of the three-dimensional urban landscape in structuring atmospheric microbiomes and employs mobile monitoring over ~1,920 kilometers to measure continuous biodiversity. We found more diverse communities outdoors that significantly differ from indoor-transit air in microbial community structure, function, likely source environment, and potentially pathogenic fraction of the community. Variation in the structure of the urban landscape was associated with diversity and function of the near-surface atmospheric microbiome in outdoor samples.