CAND1 is required for pollen viability in Arabidopsis thaliana-a test of the adaptive exchange hypothesis.
CAND1 is required for pollen viability in Arabidopsis thaliana-a test of the adaptive exchange hypothesis.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2022.866086
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SKP 1·CUL 1·F-box蛋白（SCF）泛素连接酶的动态组装对于蛋白质的泛素化和降解具有重要意义。这一过程是由CAND 1实现的，CAND 1交换与常见CUL 1支架相关的F盒蛋白，从而使有限的CUL 1核心重新排列，并允许不同的F盒蛋白组装活性SCF。以前的人类细胞生物学和计算研究已经导致了适应性交换假说，这表明CAND 1介导的交换赋予SCF系统可塑性，允许细胞耐受F-box蛋白表达的大变化。在这里，我们测试了这一假设，使用拟南芥，一个多细胞生物表达的F-box蛋白基因在不同的组织在不同的水平。拟南芥中的cand 1无效突变体是可行的，但几乎不产生种子。生物信息学，细胞生物学和发育分析表明，cand 1突变体的低生育力与花粉中的细胞死亡有关，其中F-box蛋白基因的净表达显著高于任何其他拟南芥组织。此外，我们表明，cand 1无效等位基因的传输效率降低，通过男性，但不是女性配子体。我们的研究结果表明，CAND 1活性在表达高水平F-box蛋白的细胞或组织中是必不可少的。这一发现与提出的适应性交换假说一致，证明了进化上保守的CAND 1介导的交换系统在多细胞生物体发育中的必要性。
The dynamic assembly of SKP1•CUL1•F-box protein (SCF) ubiquitin ligases is important for protein ubiquitination and degradation. This process is enabled by CAND1, which exchanges F-box proteins associated with the common CUL1 scaffold, and thereby, recycles the limited CUL1 core and allows diverse F-box proteins to assemble active SCFs. Previous human cell biological and computational studies have led to the adaptive exchange hypothesis, which suggests that the CAND1-mediated exchange confers plasticity on the SCF system, allowing cells to tolerate large variations in F-box protein expression. Here, we tested this hypothesis using Arabidopsis thaliana, a multicellular organism expressing hundreds of F-box protein genes at variable levels in different tissues. The cand1 null mutant in Arabidopsis is viable but produce almost no seeds. Bioinformatic, cell biological, and developmental analyses revealed that the low fertility in the cand1 mutant is associated with cell death in pollen, where the net expression of F-box protein genes is significantly higher than any other Arabidopsis tissue. In addition, we show that the transmission efficiency of the cand1 null allele was reduced through the male but not the female gametophyte. Our results suggest that CAND1 activity is essential in cells or tissues expressing high levels of F-box proteins. This finding is consistent with the proposed adaptive exchange hypothesis, demonstrating the necessity of the evolutionarily conserved CAND1-mediated exchange system in the development of a multicellular organism.
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