Reorganizing resource use in a communal livestock production socio-ecological system in South Africa
Reorganizing resource use in a communal livestock production socio-ecological system in South Africa
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DOI：
10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.12.026
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发表时间：
2016-03
期刊：
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
S. Rasch;T. Heckelei;R. Oomen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Rasch;T. Heckelei;R. Oomen
南非公地的畜牧业生产为社区家庭的生计做出了重大贡献，提供了地位、食物、收入和储蓄。管理创新通常是自上而下的，并借鉴了轮牧与保守放养相结合等商业做法。执行工作往往忽视具体的社会生态环境如何影响成果和对公平的影响。科学现在承认，牧场管理必须根据具体情况而定，并不存在普遍同意的管理半干旱牧场的建议。我们提出了一个社会生态模拟模型，来自南非的案例研究，并使用它来评估社会生态效应的旋转与连续放牧下保守和机会主义的载畜率。我们发现，持续放牧下保守的载畜率导致最有利的结果，从社会和生态的角度来看。然而，种族隔离制度的历史遗留问题和参与者的期望使其不太可能得到成功实施，因为无法确保可重复性。
Livestock production on South Africa’s commons contributes significantly to the livelihoods of communal households, offering status, food, income and savings. Management innovations are generally top-down and informed by commercial practices such as rotational grazing in combination with conservative stocking. Implementations often ignore how the specific socio-ecological context affects outcomes and the impact on equity. Science now acknowledges that rangeland management must be context specific and that a universally agreed-upon recommendation for managing semi-arid rangelands does not exist. We present a socio-ecological simulation model derived from a case study in South Africa and use it to assess the socio-ecological effects of rotational vs. continuous grazing under conservative and opportunistic stocking rates. We find that continuous grazing under conservative stocking rates leads to the most favourable outcomes from the social and the ecological perspectives. However, the past legacy under apartheid and participants’ expectations renders its successful application unlikely because enforceability is not ensured.