A metadata approach to evaluate the state of ocean knowledge: Strengths, limitations, and application to Mexico
A metadata approach to evaluate the state of ocean knowledge: Strengths, limitations, and application to Mexico
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评估海洋知识状况的元数据方法：优点、局限性以及在墨西哥的应用
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0216723
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
W. Cheung
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Palacios‐Abrantes;A. Cisneros‐Montemayor;M. A. Cisneros;Laura Rodríguez;F. Arreguín;Verónica Aguilar;Santiago Domínguez;S. Fulton;Raquel López;H. Reyes‐Bonilla;Rocío Rivera;S. Salas;N. Simões;W. Cheung
气候变化、资源开采管理不善和污染正在重塑全球海洋生态系统，对人类社会产生直接影响。可持续海洋发展需要跨学科、跨规模和跨知识类型的知识和数据。虽然若干学科正在产生关于海洋社会生态系统的大量数据，但由于各机构或利益攸关方各自为政，各规模、时间或学科的标准化程度有限，以及信息往往无法在现有数据库中搜索，这些信息往往没有得到充分利用。元数据是描述现有数据集的信息，汇编元数据是应对这些挑战的有效工具，特别是当对应于多个数据集的元数据可以合并在一起以整合、组织和分类多学科数据时。在这里，使用墨西哥作为一个案例研究，我们描述了海洋知识的元数据，旨在改善信息的获取，促进多学科数据共享和整合，并促进利益相关者之间的合作的汇编和分析。我们还评估了为海洋管理提供信息的知识趋势和差距。对元数据的分析突出表明，墨西哥过去和目前的研究主要集中在生态和渔业上，与人类层面的数据相比，生物数据在时间和空间上更加一致。现有信息的区域不平衡也很明显，现有信息大多数与加州湾、坎佩切浅滩和加勒比有关，太平洋中部和南部以及墨西哥湾西部的信息较少。尽管墨西哥和其他地方存在知识差距，但我们认为，这样的系统性努力往往可以为决策者提供丰富的信息，以制定符合海洋可持续性关键承诺的政策。克服当前跨规模的社会和生态挑战的可持续性需要跨学科的方法。元数据库是有效利用现有数据、突出和解决优势和不足以及制定情景以指导管理复杂海洋社会生态系统的政策的重要工具。
Climate change, mismanaged resource extraction, and pollution are reshaping global marine ecosystems with direct consequences on human societies. Sustainable ocean development requires knowledge and data across disciplines, scales and knowledge types. Although several disciplines are generating large amounts of data on marine socio-ecological systems, such information is often underutilized due to fragmentation across institutions or stakeholders, limited standardization across scale, time or disciplines, and the fact that information is often not searchable within existing databases. Compiling metadata, the information which describes existing sets of data, is an effective tool that can address these challenges, particularly when metadata corresponding to multiple datasets can be combined to integrate, organize and classify multidisciplinary data. Here, using Mexico as a case study, we describe the compilation and analysis of a metadatabase of ocean knowledge that aims to improve access to information, facilitate multidisciplinary data sharing and integration, and foster collaboration among stakeholders. We also evaluate the knowledge trends and gaps for informing ocean management. Analysis of the metadatabase highlights that past and current research in Mexico focuses strongly on ecology and fisheries, with biological data more consistent over time and space compared to data on human dimensions. Regional imbalances in available information were also evident, with most available information corresponding to the Gulf of California, Campeche Bank and Caribbean and less available for the central and south Pacific and the western Gulf of Mexico. Despite existing knowledge gaps in Mexico and elsewhere, we argue that systematic efforts such as this can often reveal an abundance of information for decision-makers to develop policies that meet key commitments on ocean sustainability. Surmounting current cross-scale social and ecological challenges for sustainability requires transdisciplinary approaches. Metadatabases are critical tools to make efficient use of existing data, highlight and address strengths and deficiencies, and develop scenarios to inform policies for managing complex marine social-ecological systems.