GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION IN THE ACCLIMATION RESPONSES OF DROSOPHILA TO TEMPERATURE EXTREMES
GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION IN THE ACCLIMATION RESPONSES OF DROSOPHILA TO TEMPERATURE EXTREMES
复制标题
DOI：
10.1086/285525
复制
发表时间：
1993-07-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
WATSON, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HOFFMANN, AA;WATSON, M
种群可能通过非塑性或塑性的抗逆性变化来适应气候胁迫。可塑性变化包括一系列不同的适应机制。以前对果蝇的一些研究表明，对气候压力的塑料反应存在种间差异，但没有太多证据表明物种内存在差异。比较了黑腹果蝇和拟果蝇的热带和温带种群对冷热胁迫的可塑性反应。热带种群往往比温带种群对寒冷胁迫的抵抗力更低。与此相反，D.不同的驯化处理，包括低温下饲养成虫数小时或数天，以及低温下培养幼虫，使黑腹果蝇种群对冷胁迫表现出相似的驯化反应。D.模拟成虫在低温下驯化几天后，也表现出类似的可塑性反应。在耐热性实验中，没有证据表明两种D. melanogaster或D.当成虫暴露在高温和低温下几天时，因此，驯化反应的遗传变异可能主要限于种间水平，虽然需要更大的实验来检测种群之间的小的数量差异。
Populations may adapt to climatic stresses by nonplastic or plastic changes in stress resistance. Plastic changes include a range of different acclimation mechanisms. A few previous studies with Drosophila suggest interspecific variation in plastic responses to climatic stresses, but there is not much evidence for variation within species. Tropical and temperate populations of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans were compared for plastic responses to cold and heat stress. Tropical populations tended to be less resistant to cold stress than temperate populations. In contrast, D. melanogaster populations showed similar acclimation responses to cold stress following different acclimation treatments, which included keeping adults at low temperatures for a few hours or several days and culturing larvae at a low temperature. Populations of D. simulans also showed similar plastic responses to cold stress after adults were acclimated at a low temperature for several days. In the heat resistance experiments, there was no evidence for population differences in acclimation response in either D. melanogaster or D. simulans when adults were exposed to high and low temperatures for a few days. Genetic variation for acclimation response may therefore be mainly restricted to the interspecific level, although larger experiments are required to detect small quantitative differences between populations.