A new approach to extracting biofilm from environmental plastics using ultrasound-assisted syringe treatment for isotopic analyses
A new approach to extracting biofilm from environmental plastics using ultrasound-assisted syringe treatment for isotopic analyses
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使用超声波辅助注射器处理从环境塑料中提取生物膜进行同位素分析的新方法
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157758
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Koarashi Jun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Battulga Batdulam;Atarashi-Andoh Mariko;Nakanishi Takahiro;Koarashi Jun
塑料是水生环境中微生物定植和生物膜发育的普遍存在的人工基质之一。表征与塑料相关的生物膜是更好地理解“塑料圈”（塑料上微生物生命的薄层）中有机材料和矿物循环的关键。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种新的方法来提取生物膜从环境塑料，以评估生物膜衍生的有机物的性质通过稳定的碳（δ 13 C）和氮（δ 15 N）同位素的签名和它们与放射性核素，特别是放射性铯（137 Cs）的相互作用。提取方法简单且具有成本效益，仅需要超声波浴，一次性塑料注射器和冷冻干燥机。在从塑料中超声辅助分离后，通过一系列注射器处理成功收集了生物膜样品，塑料和其他矿物颗粒的污染较少。使用注射器处理的方法，从实验悬浮液中有效地去除了小的微塑料，令人满意。从日本4个河口采集的生物膜有机物样品（14.5-65.4 mg）显示137 Cs活性浓度<75 - 820 Bq·kg− 1生物膜（dw），这证明了在沿海河流环境中，由发达的生物膜介导的环境塑料是137 Cs的载体。生物膜的δ 13 C和δ 15 N特征也存在显著差异，表明塑料上生物膜的来源、途径和发展过程不同。我们在这里展示了一种从环境塑料中提取生物膜的简单方法;用这种方法获得的结果可以为环境中与塑料相关的营养循环提供有用的见解。
Plastics are one of the ubiquitous and artificial types of substrates for microbial colonization and biofilm development in the aquatic environment. Characterizing plastic-associated biofilms is key to the better understanding of organic material and mineral cycling in the “Plastisphere”—the thin layer of microbial life on plastics. In this study, we propose a new method to extract biofilms from environmental plastics, in order to evaluate the properties of biofilm-derived organic matter through stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope signatures and their interactions with radionuclides especially radiocesium (137Cs). The extraction method is simple and cost-effective, requiring only an ultrasonic bath, disposable plastic syringes, and a freeze drier. After ultrasound-assisted separation from the plastics, biofilm samples were successfully collected via a sequence of syringe treatments, with less contamination from plastics and other mineral particles. Effective removal of small microplastics from the experimental suspension was satisfactorily achieved using the method with syringe treatments. Biofilm-derived organic matter samples (14.5–65.4 mg) from four river mouths in Japan showed137Cs activity concentrations of <75 to 820 Bq·kg−1biofilm (dw), providing evidence that environmental plastics, mediated by developed biofilms, serve as a carrier for137Cs in the coastal riverine environment. Significant differences in the δ13C and δ15N signatures were also obtained for the biofilms, indicating the different sources, pathways, and development processes of biofilms on plastics. We demonstrate here a straightforward method for extracting biofilms from environmental plastics; the results obtained with this method could provide useful insights into the plastic-associated nutrient cycling in the environment.