Effects of Appropriate and Inappropriate Attire on Attributions of Personal Dispositions
Effects of Appropriate and Inappropriate Attire on Attributions of Personal Dispositions
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适当和不适当的着装对个人性格归因的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Workman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Workman
为了检验这样的假设：与穿着得体的受访者相比，穿着不合适的受访者会得到更极端、更自信的特质评分，受试者观看了一名学生接受暑期工作面试的录像带。在一次采访中，这名学生穿着西装；在另一次采访中，同一名学生穿着工作服。对于一半的受试者来说，面试被描述为针对定向顾问的面试。对于另一半，这次采访被描述为对场地管理员的采访。在 2 x 2 设计（通过服装面试）中，有两个合适的单元格（迎新顾问：西装和场地管理员：工作服）和两个不合适的单元格（迎新顾问：工作服和场地管理员：西装）。观看录像带后，受试者对受访者的 18 项人格特征进行评分，并表示他们对每个评分的信心。受试者在特质评级的极端方面没有区分衣着得体和不得体的受访者。然而，受试者确实找到了不合适着装的原因。担任场地管理员工作（西装）时穿着不合适的受访者被认为在决定穿什么方面没有太多选择。参加定向顾问工作（工作服）时穿着不合时宜的受访者被认为对被聘用不太感兴趣并且信心不足。当穿着西装时（无论面试情况如何），受访者在一些性格特征上比穿着工装裤时获得了更多的积极评价。
To test the hypothesis that an inappropriately dressed interviewee would receive more extreme and more confident trait ratings than an appropriately dressed interviewee, subjects viewed a videotape of a student being interviewed for a summer job. For one interview, the student wore a suit; for the other interview, the same student wore overalls. For half of the subjects, the interview was described as one for an orientation adviser. For the other half, the interview was described as one for a groundskeeper. In a 2 x 2 design (job interview by clothing), there were two appropriate cells (orientation adviser: suit and groundskeeper: overalls) and two inappropriate cells (orientation adviser: overalls and groundskeeper: suit). After viewing the videotape subjects rated the interviewee on 18 personality traits and indicated their confidence in each rating. Subjects did not differentiate between the appropriately and inappropriately dressed interviewee with regard to extremity of trait ratings. However, subjects did find a reason for the inappropriate attire. The inappropriately dressed interviewee for the groundskeeper job (suit) was judged as having less choice in deciding what to wear. The inappropriately dressed interviewee for the orientation adviser job (overalls) was judged as less interested in being hired and with less confidence. When dressed in a suit (regardless of job interview), the interviewee received more positive ratings on several personality traits than when dressed in overalls.