Assessing regional geodiversity: the Iberian Peninsula
Assessing regional geodiversity: the Iberian Peninsula
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DOI：
10.1002/esp.1840
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Meza, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Benito-Calvo, A.;Perez-Gonzalez, A.;Meza, P.
地质多样性是与地球表面物理属性的异质性有关的景观特征。在这项工作中，我们量化和比较了伊比利亚半岛几个地球动力学区域的地球多样性。为此，我们开发了一个地理信息系统(GIS)程序，以进行基于地质多样性因素的区域地形分类。分类过程帮助制作了形态测量图(10类)、地形气候图(5类)和地质图(15类)。利用叠加运算(联合)将这三幅地图组合在一起，得到最终的地形分类(419个类别)，然后应用该分类计算多样性景观指数。利用FRAGSTATS免费软件提供的常用景观多样性指数(斑块丰富度密度、Shannon‘s多样性指数、Shannon’s均匀度指数、Simpson‘s多样性指数和Simpson’s均匀度指数)进行计算。对伊比利亚主要地质区的整体景观进行了计算，揭示了某些指标值与地质地貌特征之间的密切关系。最高的多样性值与阿尔卑斯碰撞造山带和前寒武纪-古生代地块的复活链有关。具有沉积盖层的板内造山带以广泛的夷平面为特征，具有较低的价值。没有明显构造变形的中生代地区和新生代盆地具有多样性最低的特点。在后者中，主要的多样性与解剖最多的盆地有关，也呈现出较高的地貌气候变化。尽管根据所选择的尺度和景观分类标准，这些指数提供了对伊比利亚区域地理多样性的客观评估。版权所有(C)2009 John Wiley&Sons，Ltd.
Geodiversity is a landscape characteristic related to the heterogeneity of the physical properties of the earth surface. in this work, we quantify and compare geodiversity in several geodynamic zones of the Iberian Peninsula. For this purpose, we have developed a geographic information system (GIS) procedure to carry out a regional terrain classification based on geodiversity factors. A classification process helped to produce a morphometric map (10 classes), a morphoclimatic map (five classes) and a geological map (15 classes). These three maps were combined using an overlay operation (union) to obtain the final terrain classification (419 classes), which was then applied to calculate diversity landscape indices. The latter were calculated using common landscape diversity indices (Patch Richness Density, Shannon's Diversity Index, Shannon's Evenness Index, Simpson's Diversity Index and Simpson's Evenness Index), provided by FRAGSTATS free software. These indices were calculated for the whole landscape of the main Iberian geological regions, thus revealing a close relationship between some index values and the geological and geomorphological characteristics. The highest diversity values are associated with Alpine collisional orogens and reactivated chains of the Precambrian-Palaeozoic massif. Intraplate orogen with sedimentary cover, characterized by extensive planation surfaces, have lower values. Mesozoic areas with no significant tectonic deformation and Cenozoic basins are characterized by the lowest diversity values. Amongst the latter, the major diversity is associated with the most dissected basins, which also present higher morphoclimatic variety. Though depending on the chosen scale and the landscape classification criteria, these indices provide an objective assessment of the regional geodiversity of Iberia. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.