Conventional and conservation tillage practices affect soil microbial co-occurrence patterns and are associated with crop yields
Conventional and conservation tillage practices affect soil microbial co-occurrence patterns and are associated with crop yields
复制标题
常规耕作和保护性耕作方法会影响土壤微生物共生模式，并与作物产量相关
DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2021.107534
复制
发表时间：
2021-06-11
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Wang, Guanghua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, Xiaojing;Liu, Junjie;Wang, Guanghua
全面了解耕作方式对土壤微生物群落的影响，对于更好地了解它们在维持或改善农业生态系统稳定性方面的作用至关重要。然而，人们对土壤微生物共生模式及其在长期耕作形成的生态系统中的功能知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨免耕（NT）、免耕（RT）和犁耕（MP）对土壤微生物相互作用、中心物种和功能类群的影响，以及它们与作物产量的关系。结果表明：根际土壤和块根际土壤中，RT网络的平均节点度低于NT和MP网络，表明不同分类群间的相互作用效率较低，RT网络结构更稳定。犁耕法在根际土壤中真菌与真菌的相互作用最多（17.6%），RT耕作法在根际土壤中细菌与真菌的相互作用最多（32.3%）。在根际土壤MP网络中，潜在植物病原菌镰刀菌（Fusarium）是连接最多的枢纽节点，鞘单胞菌（Sphingomonas）和克隆菌（Clonostachys）是中心种，同时被称为枢纽节点和通才。有趣的是，通过结构方程模型（SEM）确定，这些潜在的植物病原体与散装土壤和根际土壤的作物产量呈负相关。相比之下，RT可能有助于减轻潜在植物病原体的生态风险，并增加硝基螺旋藻等中心物种介导的土壤养分的有效性。这些结果表明，RT是一种稳定微生物网络结构，减轻病原体潜在传播，最终提高作物产量的最佳做法，为农业生态系统耕作应用提供了新的前景。
A comprehensive understanding of the effects of tillage practices on soil microbial communities is fundamental to a better understanding of their roles in maintaining or improving the stability of agroecosystems. However, little is known regarding soil microbial co-occurrence patterns and their function in ecosystems shaped by long-term tillage practices. The goal of the present study was to investigate the impact of no-tillage (NT), reduced tillage (RT) and moldboard plow tillage (MP) practices on soil microbial interactions, central species and functional taxa as well as to investigate their associations with crop yields. The results showed that the average node degree was lower in the RT network than in the NT and MP networks of bulk and rhizosphere soils, indicating inefficient mutual effects among taxa and a more stable network structure induced by RT. Moldboard plow tillage resulted in the most fungal-fungal interactions (17.6%), while RT yielded the most bacterial-fungal interactions (32.3%) in the rhizosphere soils. The potential plant pathogens Fusarium were identified as hub node with most connections, and pathogen Sphingomonas and Clonostachys were found as central speices with those simultaneously termed as hub node and generalist in the MP network of rhizosphere soils. Intriguingly, these potential plant pathogens had negative correlations with crop yields in both bulk and rhizosphere soils, as determined by structural equation modeling (SEM). In contrast, RT might help to alleviate the ecological risks of the potential plant pathogens and increased the availability of soil nutrients mediated by central species, such as Nitrospira. These findings suggested RT as an optimal practice that could stabilize microbial network structure, alleviated the potential transmission of pathogens and finally enhance crop yields, providing a new perspective for tillage application in agroecosystems.