From Neo-Liberalism to National Interests: Ideology, Strategy, and Party Development in the Euroscepticism of the Czech Right
From Neo-Liberalism to National Interests: Ideology, Strategy, and Party Development in the Euroscepticism of the Czech Right
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从新自由主义到国家利益：捷克右翼欧洲怀疑论中的意识形态、战略和政党发展
DOI：
10.1177/0888325404267392
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
S. Hanley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Hanley
捷克公民民主党（ODS）的欧洲怀疑论是众所周知的，但很少有人详细研究。鉴于 ODS 与欧洲怀疑论政党的形象非常不相符，这一点令人惊讶。这些通常是边缘激进团体。本文描绘了 1991 年至 2002 年间捷克中右翼不断发展的欧洲怀疑主义。它指出了从强调新自由主义以及捷克和中欧独特性的欧洲怀疑主义到强调捍卫“国家利益”反对德国启发的欧洲联邦主义的转变。对 ODS 欧洲怀疑主义的现有解释将其视为意识形态上的教条主义和机会主义。许多新兴的欧洲怀疑主义文献都采用了类似的意识形态与战略的二分法。后共产主义欧洲的这些新的中右翼政党起源于后共产主义转型的工具，对这一观点提出了挑战。当他们在政党竞争日益“正常”的时代在战略和意识形态上变得疲惫不堪时，欧洲怀疑主义可能使他们能够将意识形态更新和新的包罗万象的诉求的发展结合起来。
The euroscepticism of the Czech Civic Democratic Party (ODS) is well known but has been rarely examined in detail. This is surprising, given how poorly ODS fits the profile of eurosceptic parties. These are usually marginal radical groupings. This article maps the developing euroscepticism of the Czech centre-right between 1991 and 2002. It notes a shift from a euroscepticism stressing neo-liberalism and Czech and Central European distinctness to one stressing the defence of “national interests” against German-inspired eurofederalism. Existing explanations of ODS euroscepticism present it as simultaneously ideologically dogmatic and opportunistic. A similar ideology-versus-strategy dichotomy informs much emerging euroscepticism literature. Such new centre-right parties in post-communist Europe, which originated as vehicles for post-communist transformation, challenge this view. As they become strategically and ideologically exhausted in an era of increasingly “normal” party competition, euroscepticism may enable them to combine ideological renewal and the development of new catchall appeals.