Loss of Taste and Smell are Common Clinical Characteristics of Patients with COVID-19 in Somalia: A Retrospective Double Centre Study
Loss of Taste and Smell are Common Clinical Characteristics of Patients with COVID-19 in Somalia: A Retrospective Double Centre Study
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DOI：
10.2147/idr.s263632
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Adam, Bakar Ali
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mohamud, Mohamed Farah Yusuf;Mohamed, Yahye Garad;Adam, Bakar Ali
目的：本研究的目的是确定常见的临床表现以及作为 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 的新出现的失嗅症症状的证据，以便更好地为 COVID-19 患者和临床医生提供信息。患者和方法：作为由医生协调的双机构合作的一部分，本研究回顾性收集并分析了 4 月 1 日至 4 月 20 日期间 60 名 COVID-19 肺炎患者的临床特征， 2020年。孕妇和服用抗癌药物的患者被排除在研究之外。已获得每个机构的电子病历数据。 结果：本研究纳入了 60 名 RT-PCR 呈阳性的 COVID-19 患者；这些患者中，所有人都曾未知地接触过 COVID-19。平均 (SD) 年龄为 45.7 (13.5) 岁，其中 42 名男性 (70%)。在这些患者中，80% 至少患有失聪症或嗅觉丧失症。发病时最常见的症状是咳嗽（75%）、发烧（71.3%）、肌痛或疲劳（53.3%）、嗅觉丧失（嗅觉丧失）（40%）、味觉丧失（28.3%）、喉咙痛（25%）、气短（16.7%）、头痛（16.7%）和胃肠道症状（腹泻、恶心、呕吐和食欲不振） （16.7%）。共有 68.3% 的 COVID-19 感染患者报告有味觉或嗅觉丧失，其中约 33.3% 仅丧失嗅觉，而 23.3% 的患者味觉受损，11.7% 的 COVID-19 感染患者同时出现味觉和嗅觉丧失。结论：在 SARS-CoV-2 感染流行期间，当患者出现失聪和嗅觉丧失时，医生应将 COVID-19 肺炎作为鉴别诊断做到早期识别，避免延误诊断，预防传播。
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the common clinical presentations and the evidence on the presence of ageusia and anosmia as an emerging coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptom to better inform in both COVID-19 patients and clinicians.Patients and Methods: As part of a double-institutional collaboration coordinated by doctors, this study retrospectively collected and analyzed the clinical characteristics of 60 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia between April 1 and April 20, 2020. Pregnant women and patients taking anti-cancer drugs had been excluded from the study. Data from each institution's electronic medical record had been obtained.Results: Sixty patients who had RT-PCR positive for COVID-19 were included in this study; of these patients, all of them had unknown exposure to COVID-19. The mean (SD) age was 45.7 (13.5) years, and 42 were men (70%). Of these patients, 80% had at least ageusia or anosmia. The most common symptoms at the onset of illness were cough (75%), fever (71.3%), myalgia or fatigue (53.3%), anosmia (loss of smell) (40%), ageusia (loss of taste) (28.3%), sore throat (25%), shortness of breath (16.7%), headache (16.7%), and GI symptoms (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and loss appetite) (16.7%). A total of 68.3% of COVID-19 infected patients had reported either loss of taste or smell, and about 33.3% of them had only loss of smell, while 23.3% of them had impaired taste, and 11.7% of COVID-19 infected patients had both taste and smell loss.Conclusion: During the epidemic period of SARS-CoV-2 infection, when presenting patients with ageusia and anosmia, physicians should consider COVID-19 pneumonia as a differential diagnosis to achieve early identification, avoid the delayed diagnosis, and prevention of transmission.