Turning solid aluminium transparent by intense soft X-ray photoionization
Turning solid aluminium transparent by intense soft X-ray photoionization
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DOI：
10.1038/nphys1341
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Wark, Justin S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nagler, Bob;Zastrau, Ulf;Wark, Justin S.
饱和吸收是在光学和红外波长中容易看到的现象。由于所涉及的激发态的寿命短和所需的软X射线的高强度，在芯-电子跃迁中从未观察到它。我们报道了在92 eV光子能量下，铝L壳层跃迁的饱和吸收，记录强度超过10（16）W cm（-2）。从考虑相关的时间尺度，我们推断，X射线通过后，样品立即处于一种奇异状态，其中所有的铝原子都有一个L壳层空穴，价带的温度约为9 eV，而原子仍然在它们的晶体位置。随后，俄歇衰变将材料加热到温暖的致密物质状态，温度约为25 eV。该方法是研究均匀温暖致密物质的理想候选者，与行星科学，天体物理学和惯性约束聚变高度相关。
Saturable absorption is a phenomenon readily seen in the optical and infrared wavelengths. It has never been observed in core-electron transitions owing to the short lifetime of the excited states involved and the high intensities of the soft X-rays needed. We report saturable absorption of an L-shell transition in aluminium using record intensities over 10(16)W cm(-2) at a photon energy of 92 eV. From a consideration of the relevant timescales, we infer that immediately after the X-rays have passed, the sample is in an exotic state where all of the aluminium atoms have an L-shell hole, and the valence band has approximately a 9 eV temperature, whereas the atoms are still on their crystallographic positions. Subsequently, Auger decay heats the material to the warm dense matter regime, at around 25 eV temperatures. The method is an ideal candidate to study homogeneous warm dense matter, highly relevant to planetary science, astrophysics and inertial confinement fusion.