Reactions to unfavorable evaluations of the self made by other persons.
Reactions to unfavorable evaluations of the self made by other persons.
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对他人对自己做出的不利评价的反应。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-6494.1957.tb01536.x
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发表时间：
1957
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
M. M. Shapiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O. J. Harvey;H. Kelley;M. M. Shapiro
社会心理学中最常研究的情况之一是，一个人面临另一个人持有与自己不一致的观点的证据。本研究涉及两个主要变量对个人处理这种不一致情况的心理过程的影响（o）他对另一个人的最初态度和（fc）两组观点之间的差异程度。 在解决这个问题的许多可能方法中，我们选择了让个人接受对自己的评价，这些评价显然是由另一个权威性高或低的人做出的，并且在系统性变化的数量上不如他的自我评价。因此，这项研究的两个自变量是不利评价可能来自的来源的权威性（即，一个熟悉接受者的熟人与一个熟悉接受者的人）。 与接收者对自己的评分相比，评分的不利程度（从轻微到非常高的四个等级） 如果归因于来源的评分比接收者的自我评分更有利，则不认为此处报告的结果和概括是适当的。 这项研究的理论表述遵循^这项研究是在作者在耶鲁大学时进行的，如下 CommtanicabOTi 研究计划的一部分，由 RodeefeUer Fondatioii 和 Carl I Hovland 的方向支持。作者是
ONE OF THE most frequently investigated situations m social psychology IS that in which an individual is confronted with evidence that another person holds opinions in disagjreement with his own The present study is concerned with the mfluence of two major variables on the jKychological processes employed by the individual to deal with this situation of incongruency (o) his initial attitudes toward the other person and (fc) the degree of discrepancy between the two sets of opmionsOf the many possible ways of approachmg this problem, we chose that of exposing the individual to evaluations of himself which were apparently made by another person of either high or low authoritativeness and which were less favorable than his self-evaluations in systematically varied amounts Thus, the two independent variables of this study are the authoritativeness of the source from whom the unfavorable evaluations presumably came (ie, an acquaintance who knows the recipient well vs a stranger who knows little about him) and the degree of unfavorableness of the ratings (four degrees from slight to very high) as compared with the recipient's ratings of himself It IS not assumed that the results and generalizations reported here would be appropnate if the ratings attributed to the source were more favorable than the recipient's self-ratings The theoretical formulation of this research follows that of an^ This research was pcrforined while the authors were at Yale University, as part of the CommtanicabOTi Research Program wbich is supported by The RodeefeUer Fonndatioii and uiKier the direction of Carl I Hovland The authors are