Virulence of the entomopathogenic fungus Lecanicillium longisporum against the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum and its parasitoid Encarsia formosa
Virulence of the entomopathogenic fungus Lecanicillium longisporum against the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum and its parasitoid Encarsia formosa
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DOI：
10.1080/09670874.2016.1182228
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Goettel, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fazeli-Dinan, M.;Talaei-Hassanloui, R.;Goettel, M.
了解生物防治剂之间的相互作用，如在种群内捕食中对同一宿主的竞争，是成功的生物防治策略的关键组成部分。研究了长孢蛭蚧（Lecanicillium longisporum, Petch） Zare和Gams（子囊菌科：粘蝇科）对温室白蝇、白蝇科（Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood)）及其寄生蜂formosa Gahan（膜翅目：粘蝇科）的致病能力。6种真菌分生孢子在黄瓜叶表面连续沉积的结果表明，菌株LRC190、LRC216和LRC229在2.6 × 10(7)个分生孢子/mm(2)下的白蝇平均死亡率分别为61%、79%和54%。分离株LRC190、LRC216和LRC229的中位致死时间（LT50）分别为6.2、4.9和6.9d，中位致死剂量（LD50）分别为1.2 × 10(6)、2.9 × 10(5)和6.9 × 10(6)分生孢子/mm(2)。随着真菌浓度的增加，寄生蜂幼虫、蛹和成虫的成虫数量均呈下降趋势，真菌处理对寄生蜂早期发育有不利影响。经真菌处理的寄主雌拟寄生虫的生殖能力和寿命不受真菌处理的影响。这些结果表明，正确的真菌和寄生蜂施用时间可以减轻由于对同一寄主的直接竞争而产生的负面影响。在这方面，在寄生蜂的后期未成熟阶段用真菌处理通常是积极的，有害影响的风险最小。
Understanding the interactions among biological control agents, such as competition for the same host in intraguild predation, is a key component for successful biological control strategies. The pathogenic ability of Lecanicillium longisporum (Petch) Zare and Gams (Ascomycota: Clavicipitaceae) against the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and its parasitoid, Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) was assessed. Treatment with six serial deposition rates of fungal conidia on cucumber leaf surface indicated that whitefly mean mortalities for isolates LRC190, LRC216 and LRC229 reached 61, 79 and 54% at 2.6 x 10(7) conidia/mm(2), respectively. Median lethal time (LT50) values for isolates LRC190, LRC216 and LRC229 were 6.2, 4.9 and 6.9days, and median lethal dose (LD50) values were 1.2x 10(6), 2.9x 10(5) and 6.9x 10(6) conidia/mm(2), respectively. The number of surviving parasitoid larvae, pupae and adults decreased with increasing concentrations of fungus, and earlier developmental stages of parasitoid were affected negatively by fungal treatment. Reproductive capacity and longevity of female parasitoid emerging from fungus-treated hosts were not affected by fungus treatment. These results indicate that correct timing of fungal and parasitoid application may mitigate the negative effects due to direct competition for the same host. In this regard, treatment with fungi in later immature stages of the parasitoid was generally positive with minimum risks of deleterious effects.