A meta-analysis of soil salinization effects on nitrogen pools, cycles and fluxes in coastal ecosystems
A meta-analysis of soil salinization effects on nitrogen pools, cycles and fluxes in coastal ecosystems
复制标题
土壤盐渍化对沿海生态系统氮库、循环和通量影响的荟萃分析
DOI：
10.1111/gcb.13430
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Brüggemann Nicolas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhou Minghua;Butterbach-Bahl Klaus;Vereecken Harry;Brüggemann Nicolas
由于气候变化引起的地下水抽取量增加、河流泥沙量减少和海平面上升而引起的地面沉降造成的盐碱入侵，已造成沿海生态系统广泛的土壤盐碱化。土壤盐渍化可能极大地改变沿海生态系统中的氮循环。然而，土壤盐渍化对生态系统氮库，循环过程和通量的影响还没有一个全面的了解沿海生态系统。因此，我们从21篇同行评审论文的551个观测数据中收集了数据，并对与沿海生态系统中的氮库、循环过程和通量相关的19个变量的实验土壤盐渍化效应进行了Meta分析。研究结果表明，不同生态系统类型和不同盐分水平的土壤盐渍化效应不同。土壤盐渍化增加了植物氮含量（18%），土壤NH 4+（12%）和土壤全氮（210%），但降低了土壤NO3-（2%）和土壤微生物量氮（74%）。增加土壤盐度刺激土壤N2 O通量以及水文NH 4+和NO2−通量超过三倍，尽管它降低了水文溶解有机氮（DON）通量（59%）。土壤盐渍化也使净氮矿化增加了70%，尽管在该Meta分析中未观察到盐渍化对净硝化、反硝化和异化硝酸盐还原为铵的影响。总体而言，该Meta分析提高了我们对生态系统N循环对土壤盐渍化的响应的理解，确定了知识空白，并强调了迫切需要研究土壤盐渍化对沿海农业生态系统和微生物N固定的影响。知识的进一步增加对于设计可持续的适应措施以应对预测的盐度入侵至关重要，以便维持或提高沿海农业生态系统的生产力，并最大限度地减少自然环境的N损失和污染。
Salinity intrusion caused by land subsidence resulting from increasing groundwater abstraction, decreasing river sediment loads and increasing sea level because of climate change has caused widespread soil salinization in coastal ecosystems. Soil salinization may greatly alter nitrogen (N) cycling in coastal ecosystems. However, a comprehensive understanding of the effects of soil salinization on ecosystem N pools, cycling processes and fluxes is not available for coastal ecosystems. Therefore, we compiled data from 551 observations from 21 peer‐reviewed papers and conducted a meta‐analysis of experimental soil salinization effects on 19 variables related to N pools, cycling processes and fluxes in coastal ecosystems. Our results showed that the effects of soil salinization varied across different ecosystem types and salinity levels. Soil salinization increased plant N content (18%), soil NH4+(12%) and soil total N (210%), although it decreased soil NO3−(2%) and soil microbial biomass N (74%). Increasing soil salinity stimulated soil N2O fluxes as well as hydrological NH4+and NO2−fluxes more than threefold, although it decreased the hydrological dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) flux (59%). Soil salinization also increased the net N mineralization by 70%, although salinization effects were not observed on the net nitrification, denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium in this meta‐analysis. Overall, this meta‐analysis improves our understanding of the responses of ecosystem N cycling to soil salinization, identifies knowledge gaps and highlights the urgent need for studies on the effects of soil salinization on coastal agro‐ecosystem and microbial N immobilization. Additional increases in knowledge are critical for designing sustainable adaptation measures to the predicted intrusion of salinity intrusion so that the productivity of coastal agro‐ecosystems can be maintained or improved and the N losses and pollution of the natural environment can be minimized.