Novel Action of FSH on Stem Cells in Adult Mammalian Ovary Induces Postnatal Oogenesis and Primordial Follicle Assembly.
Novel Action of FSH on Stem Cells in Adult Mammalian Ovary Induces Postnatal Oogenesis and Primordial Follicle Assembly.
复制标题
FSH对成年哺乳动物卵巢中干细胞的新作用诱导产后卵子发生和原始卵泡组件。
DOI：
10.1155/2016/5096596
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Hinduja I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bhartiya D;Parte S;Patel H;Sriraman K;Zaveri K;Hinduja I
成年哺乳动物的卵巢已经接受扫描十多年了，因为有人提出它含有干细胞，这些干细胞在生殖期进行产后卵子发生，就像睾丸中的精子发生一样。干细胞位于卵巢表面上皮，存在于成人和更年期卵巢以及早衰的卵巢中。干细胞由两个不同的群体组成，包括球形、非常小的胚胎样干细胞（表达细胞核 OCT-4 和其他多能和原始生殖细胞特异性标记物的 VSEL）和稍大的卵巢生殖干细胞（具有细胞质 OCT-4 的 OGSC，相当于睾丸中的精原干细胞）。这些干细胞能够在体外和暴露于更年轻的健康环境时自发分化成卵母细胞样结构。骨髓可能是这些干细胞的替代来源。干细胞表达 FSHR 并通过自我更新、克隆扩增、启动新卵子发生和原始卵泡组装来响应 FSH。 VSEL 相对静止，最近有报道称，当小鼠暴露于 FSH 时，VSEL 能够在化疗中存活并启动卵子发生。这一领域的新认识和进一步研究将有助于制定新的策略来管理卵巢病理以及肿瘤生育力。
Adult mammalian ovary has been under the scanner for more than a decade now since it was proposed to harbor stem cells that undergo postnatal oogenesis during reproductive period like spermatogenesis in testis. Stem cells are located in the ovary surface epithelium and exist in adult and menopausal ovary as well as in ovary with premature failure. Stem cells comprise two distinct populations including spherical, very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs which express nuclear OCT-4 and other pluripotent and primordial germ cells specific markers) and slightly bigger ovarian germ stem cells (OGSCs with cytoplasmic OCT-4 which are equivalent to spermatogonial stem cells in the testes). These stem cells have the ability to spontaneously differentiate into oocyte-like structures in vitro and on exposure to a younger healthy niche. Bone marrow may be an alternative source of these stem cells. The stem cells express FSHR and respond to FSH by undergoing self-renewal, clonal expansion, and initiating neo-oogenesis and primordial follicle assembly. VSELs are relatively quiescent and were recently reported to survive chemotherapy and initiate oogenesis in mice when exposed to FSH. This emerging understanding and further research in the field will help evolving novel strategies to manage ovarian pathologies and also towards oncofertility.