Genets (Carnivora, Viverridae) in Africa: an evolutionary synthesis based on cytochrome b sequences and morphological characters
Genets (Carnivora, Viverridae) in Africa: an evolutionary synthesis based on cytochrome b sequences and morphological characters
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非洲的基因组（食肉目、灵猫科）：基于细胞色素 b 序列和形态特征的进化综合
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发表时间：
2004
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通讯作者：
G. Veron
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作者：
P. Gaubert;C. Fernandes;M. Bruford;G. Veron
Genetta属的分类学已经讨论了很长时间，因此阻碍了进化重建的努力。从完整的细胞色素B基因（cyt B）的序列数据产生的50个标本代表15个形态的物种，以允许生产的第一个详尽的分子遗传学的基因。其次，将包含50个性状的修正形态学矩阵与cyt B数据相结合，以估计形态学相似性水平。系统发育分析采用简约法，最大似然法和贝叶斯程序。我们基于cyt B的结果与传统的Genetta属分类学的部分观点相矛盾，即Servaline属和小斑点属是并系的，但证实了最近重新调查的属于大斑点复合体的三个属的种地位，包括新描述的G.布罗尼。虽然形态特征明显同源，但组合分析得到了相似的结果。分区布雷默支持表明整个树的两个数据集之间的冲突信号，和物种诊断字符，用于划定物种边界，显着相关的栖息地。然而，形态学数据支持分支的单系性（G。victoriae，other genets）（G. servalina、黑腹隐翅虫G. cristata）、大斑基群和森林型。我们的研究结果表明，在非洲的基因复杂的进化历史，与Poiana一样的祖先居住在热带雨林，然后多样化涉及两个独立的入侵开放的栖息地和一个回归热带雨林。分歧估计的基础上cyt B显示，分裂事件在基因部分遵循气候物种形成模型在第四纪的周期性时期，虽然“原始”的雨林谱系分歧较早，在晚中新世和上新世早期。
The taxonomy of the genets (genus Genetta) has long been discussed, thus hampering endeavours towards evolutionary reconstruction. Sequence data from the complete cytochrome b gene (cyt b) were generated for 50 specimens representing 15 morphological species in order to allow the production of the first exhaustive molecular phylogeny of the genets. Second, a revised morphological matrix comprising 50 characters was combined with the cyt b data to estimate the level of morphological homoplasy. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted using parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian procedures. Our results based on cyt b contradict a part of the traditional taxonomy of genus Genetta, the servaline and small-spotted genets being paraphyletic, but confirmed the species status recently re-investigated for three genets belonging to the large-spotted complex, including the newly described G. bourloni. The combined analysis yielded similar results although morphological characters were clearly homoplasic. Partitioned Bremer supports indicated conflicting signals between the two data sets throughout the tree, and species-diagnostic characters, useful for delimiting species boundaries, were significantly correlated to habitat. However, morphological data supported the monophyly of clades (G. victoriae, other genets) (G. servalina, G. cristata), large-spotted genet complex and forest forms. Our results suggest a complex evolutionary history of the genets in Africa, with a Poiana-like ancestor inhabiting rain forest, and then a diversification involving two independent invasions of open habitats and one reversion to rain forest. Divergence estimates based on cyt b revealed that splitting events within genets partly follow a climatic speciation model during the cyclical periods of the Quaternary, although ‘primitive’ rain forest lineages diverged earlier, during the Late Miocene and Early Pliocene.