Food preferences and the value of animal food for the carabid beetle Amara similata (Gyll.) (Col., Carabidae)
Food preferences and the value of animal food for the carabid beetle Amara similata (Gyll.) (Col., Carabidae)
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1439-0418.2005.00992.x
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Toft, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fawki, S;Toft, S
一些研究表明，主要食性的步甲虫，例如Amara spp.，在相当大的程度上将动物食物纳入它们的饮食中。因此，我们假设，包括种子和动物性食物在内的饮食混合将提高这些甲虫的性能。为了验证这一点，我们在实验室进行了Amara similata成虫和幼虫的饲养实验。在纯饲料和混合饲料中，成虫和幼虫都接受了不同的饲料处理，包括种子、家蝇、蝗虫、蚯蚓、鼻涕和蜗牛。幼虫存活率、发育时间、蛹重和总重作为评价幼虫食物品质的指标。对于成年甲虫，质量变化被用作食物质量的指标。我们发现种子是高质量的食物，而所有纯动物饲料对成虫和幼虫都是低质量的。在种子饲料中添加动物性食品既有积极影响，也有消极影响。与种子饲料相比，所有食物的混合饲料增加了成虫的质量，但显著降低了幼虫的表现。在种子中添加蚯蚓和蝗虫会增加幼虫的体重和总重量，但会降低幼虫的存活率。因此，相似姬蜂是杂食性的，食性以大食性为主。它可能会在某些健康参数上受益，并因捕食或觅食动物性食物而招致其他人的成本。因此，种子-动物混合饮食的整体健康后果是不确定的。
Several studies have shown that the mainly granivorous carabid beetles, e.g. Amara spp., include animal food in their diet to a considerable extent. We therefore hypothesized that the performance of these beetles would be enhanced by dietary mixing including both seeds and animal food. In order to test this, we conducted laboratory feeding experiments with adults and larvae of Amara similata. Both adults and larvae were subjected to different diet treatments including: seeds, houseflies, grasshoppers, earthworms, slugs and snails in pure and mixed diets. Larval survival, development time, pupal and teneral weights were used as indicators of food quality for the larvae. For the adult beetles, mass change was used as an indicator of food quality. We found seeds to be high-quality food, while all pure animal diets were of low quality for both adults and larvae. Animal foods added to the seed diet had both positive and negative effects. A mixed diet of all foods enhanced the mass gain of adults compared with the seed diet, but reduced larval performance dramatically. Earthworms and grasshoppers added to seeds increased the pupal and teneral weights, while reduced larval survival. Thus, A. similata is omnivorous with a mainly granivorous feeding habit. It may gain benefits on some fitness parameters and incur costs on others from preying or scavenging on animal food. Therefore, the overall fitness consequences of a mixed seed-animal diet are uncertain.