Artificial turf systems for sport surfaces: current knowledge and research needs
Artificial turf systems for sport surfaces: current knowledge and research needs
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DOI：
10.1177/1754337111401688
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Fleming, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fleming, P.
在许多运动项目中，用于团队户外运动的人造运动表面的数量正在不断增加，包括足球（英式橄榄球）、橄榄球、曲棍球和橄榄球（美式和澳式橄榄球）。有人认为，与人造草坪产品的开发以及许多运动项目在运动能力方面的发展以及鞋类等设备的进步相比，对它们行为的科学研究还不够。本文回顾了人造草坪的设计要求和行为方面以发展科学，并借鉴一系列最新文献来确定行为的关键原则和知识差距。基材支撑和表面系统（包括某种形式的减震垫和草皮，草皮填充或未填充）行为中使用的材料类型之间的关系根据球员表面相互作用的关键性能因素（冲击力和牵引力）进行了论证。这些数据展示了表面系统相对复杂的行为，并强调了当前与人体负载相关的简单机械测试的缺陷。退化和维护在维持长期性能方面的作用也是强调和讨论的问题。通过对与伤害风险相关的研究进行简短回顾来讨论表面安全性，尽管大多数研究都与天然草坪和人造草坪之间的对比有关；然而，伤害监测显然需要更多的研究，以包括客观表面测量的各个方面。本文还为读者提供了对发展运动表面科学的当前想法以及未来研究被认为有价值的知识现状的回顾。
Artificial sport surfaces, for team outdoor sports, are growing in number in many sports including soccer (association football), rugby, hockey, and football (American and Australian). The science of their behaviour has, it is argued, been under-researched in comparison to the development of artificial turf products and also the development of many of the sports with respect to athleticism and advances in equipment such as footwear. This paper reviews artificial turf design requirements and behavioural aspects to develop the science, and draws from a range of up-to-date literature to identify the key principles of behaviour and gaps in knowledge. The relationship between the material types used in the substrate support and surface system (comprising some form of shockpad and turf, the turf infilled or unfilled) behaviour is demonstrated in regard to the key performance factors of player surface interaction - for both impact and traction. The data demonstrate the relatively complex behaviour of surface systems, and highlight the pitfalls of current simple mechanical tests in relation to human loading. Degradation and the role of maintenance to sustain long-term performance are issues also highlighted and discussed. Surface safety is discussed through a short review of studies related to injury risk, albeit most were associated with the contrast between natural turf and artificial turf; however, there is clearly more research required in injury surveillance to include aspects of objective surface measurement. This paper additionally provides the reader with a state-of-the-knowledge review of where current thinking is now, and where future research is considered to be of merit, in developing sport surface science.