Crowdwork for young people : risks and opportunities
Crowdwork for young people : risks and opportunities
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年轻人的众包工作：风险与机遇
DOI：
10.54394/hzgg6446
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Luis Pinedo Caro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Niall O’Higgins;Luis Pinedo Caro
近年来，众包已经成为一个规模虽小但增长迅速的就业和收入来源，主要面向年轻人。在这里，我们以之前的工作为基础，确定了众包工作者收入的决定因素。我们关注的是为什么年轻众包工作者的时薪明显高于年长众包工作者。我们表明，这是由于年轻的人群工作者积累的经验回报更高。受教育程度并不能解释这种年龄差异，因为在决定众包工作者的收入方面，受教育程度是一个可以忽略不计的因素。我们还分析了为什么在盲目招聘的情况下，年轻女性的收入比男性同行低20%左右。我们确认，这在一定程度上是由于有孩子的妇女所面临的工作时间限制。分析还表明，“自由选择”的群体工作——而不是年轻人因为缺乏其他就业机会而集体工作——有助于提高工作满意度。此外，中等收入国家的年轻众包工作者的收入低于高收入国家的同龄人，但他们的工作满意度更高。这完全是由于他们在众包之外的选择质量较低。
In recent years, crowdworking has emerged as a small but rapidly growing source of employment and income principally for young(er) people. Here, we build on previous work in identifying the determinants of crowdworkers’ earnings. We focus on the reasons why young crowdworkers earn significantly higher hourly wages than their older counterparts. We show that this is due to the higher returns to experience accruing to younger crowd-workers. Educational attainment does not explain this age-based differential, as education is a negligible factor in determining crowdworkers’ earnings. We also analyse why young women earn around 20% less than their male counterparts despite blind hiring. We confirm that this is partly explained by constraints on working time faced by women with children. The analysis also shows that ‘freely chosen’ crowd work - as opposed to, young people crowd-working because of a lack of alternative employment opportunities - is conducive to higher levels of job satisfaction. Moreover, young crowdworkers in middle income countries earn less than their counterparts in high income countries but report higher levels of job satisfaction. This is entirely attributable to the lower quality of their options outside of crowdwork.