Arch width changes from 6 weeks to 45 years of age
Arch width changes from 6 weeks to 45 years of age
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DOI：
10.1016/s0889-5406(97)80022-4
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发表时间：
1997-04-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Nowak, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bishara, SE;Jakobsen, JR;Nowak, A
本研究的目的是在纵向的基础上，评估在45年跨度的犬齿间和磨牙间宽度的变化。本研究的受试者来自两组正常人：(1)28名男婴和33名女婴分别在大约6周、1岁和2岁（乳牙列完全萌出之前）进行纵向评估；(2)来自爱荷华州面部生长研究的15名男性和15名女性受试者，分别在3岁、5岁、8岁、13岁、26岁和45岁时进行评估。上颌和下颌牙模弓宽测量是由两位研究者独立获得的。测者内部和测者之间的信度在0.5 mm处预先确定。从目前的研究结果可以得出以下结论：(1)在6周至2岁之间，即乳牙列完全萌出之前，上颌和下颌的前、后牙明显增加；男婴和女婴的足弓宽度。(2) 3 ~ 13岁时，上颌弓和下颌弓的犬齿间和磨牙间宽度均显著增加。恒牙列完全出牙后，牙弓宽度略有下降，犬齿间的下降幅度大于磨牙间的下降幅度。(3)下颌犬齿间宽度平均在8岁左右，即4个门牙出牙后确定。在恒牙长出后，临床医生应该期望牙弓宽度没有变化或略有下降。总之，尽管从出生到中年，牙弓宽度会发生变化，但这些变化的幅度和方向并不能为普通患者在犬齿和磨牙完全发育时扩大牙弓提供科学依据。患者和临床医生都应该意识到这些局限性。
The purpose of this study was to evaluate on a longitudinal basis, the changes in intercanine and intermolar widths over a 45-year span. The subjects in this study were from two pools of normal persons: (1) 28 male and 33 female infants evaluated longitudinally at approximately 6 weeks, 1 year, and 2 years of age (before the complete eruption of the deciduous dentition); and (2) 15 male and 15 female subjects from the Iowa facial growth study evaluated at ages 3, 5, 8, 13, 26, and 45. Arch width measurements on maxillary and mandibular dental casts were obtained independently by two investigators. Intraexaminer and interexaminer reliability were predetermined at 0.5 mm. From the findings in the current study, the following conclusions can be made: (1) Between 6 weeks and 2 years of age, i.e., before the complete eruption of the deciduous dentition, there were significant increases in the maxillary and mandibular anterior and posterior;arch widths in both male and female infants. (2) Intercanine and intermolar widths significantly increased between 3 and 13 years of age in both the maxillary and mandibular arches. After the complete eruption of the permanent dentition, there was a slight decrease in the dental arch widths, more in the intercanine than in the intermolar widths. (3) Mandibular intercanine width, on the average, was established by 8 years of age, i.e., after the eruption of the four incisors. After the eruption of the permanent dentition, the clinician should either expect no changes or a slight decrease in arch widths. In conclusion, although the dental arch widths undergo changes from birth until midadulthood, the magnitude as well as the direction of these changes do not provide a scientific basis for expanding the arches, in the average patient, beyond its established dimensions at the time of the complete eruption of the canines and molars. Both patients and clinicians should be aware of these limitations.