Complex interactions underlie the correlated evolution of floral traits and their association with pollinators in a clade with diverse pollination systems
Complex interactions underlie the correlated evolution of floral traits and their association with pollinators in a clade with diverse pollination systems
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DOI：
10.1111/evo.14220
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发表时间：
2021-04-16
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Sytsma, Kenneth J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rose, Jeffrey P.;Sytsma, Kenneth J.
传粉者的自然选择是有花植物形态多样性和适应辐射的重要因素。相似的传粉者在不相关的植物中的选择导致花形态的趋同，或称“花综合征”。“以前对花综合征的研究主要是研究相对较小和/或简单的系统，强调脊椎动物授粉。尽管多个花部性状在植物-传粉者相互作用中的重要性，但这些研究很少研究数量性状，因此它们的共变异和表型整合一直未被充分探索。为了更好地了解传粉者性状的动态，我们调查的模型系统的福禄考家庭（Polemoniaceae），一个分支类似的400种授粉的载体的多样性。利用一个全面的系统发育和大数据集的性状和观察的传粉者，我们重建祖先传粉系统，占时间历史的传粉者。我们进行性状协变和与传粉者的关联的遗传控制分析，整合了系统发育不确定性的许多分析。传粉者的转变比以前假设的更异质。花部性状的进化部分受到系统发育史和性状共变的制约，但性状是趋同的，差异与不同的传粉者有关。性状变化通常是渐进的，而不是快速的，这表明在宏观进化尺度上花的复杂的遗传和生态相互作用。
Natural selection by pollinators is an important factor in the morphological diversity and adaptive radiation of flowering plants. Selection by similar pollinators in unrelated plants leads to convergence in floral morphology, or "floral syndromes." Previous investigations into floral syndromes have mostly studied relatively small and/or simple systems, emphasizing vertebrate pollination. Despite the importance of multiple floral traits in plant-pollinator interactions, these studies have examined few quantitative traits, so their co-variation and phenotypic integration have been underexplored. To gain better insights into pollinator-trait dynamics, we investigate the model system of the phlox family (Polemoniaceae), a clade of similar to 400 species pollinated by a diversity of vectors. Using a comprehensive phylogeny and large dataset of traits and observations of pollinators, we reconstruct ancestral pollination system, accounting for the temporal history of pollinators. We conduct phylogenetically controlled analyses of trait co-variation and association with pollinators, integrating many analyses over phylogenetic uncertainty. Pollinator shifts are more heterogeneous than previously hypothesized. The evolution of floral traits is partially constrained by phylogenetic history and trait co-variation, but traits are convergent and differences are associated with different pollinators. Trait shifts are usually gradual, rather than rapid, suggesting complex genetic and ecological interactions of flowers at macroevolutionary scales.