Nonvagal modulation of hypoglossal neural activity.
Nonvagal modulation of hypoglossal neural activity.
复制标题
舌下神经活动的非迷走神经调节。
DOI：
10.1159/000196029
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Strohl,KP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haxhiu,MA;Cherniack,NS;Mitra,J;vanLunteren,E;Strohl,KP
上气道扩张肌肉活动的特征在于早期峰值模式，其用于在胸壁肌肉收缩产生最大负管腔内压力时扩张或扩张上气道。这种模式已被归因于来自肺牵张受体的相位传入输入。本研究探讨了非迷走神经因素也可能影响上气道和胸壁肌肉活动的放电模式和协调的假设。因此，在麻醉、麻痹、切断迷走神经和人工通气的猫中，我们研究了延髓腹外侧胆碱能和GA-BA能（γ-氨基丁酸）受体激活引起的呼吸驱动变化对舌下神经和膈神经相性呼吸内放电模式的影响。胆碱能药物（乙酰胆碱，卡巴胆碱，乙酰甲胆碱，毒扁豆碱）直接应用于腹侧延髓表面上的化学感受区增加舌下神经活动，此外转换吸气放电从增强到递减模式的活动。观察到呼吸驱动减少对舌下神经活动放电模式的反向影响。虽然膈神经放电的幅度也受到这些干预措施的影响，膈神经活动的增强放电模式没有改变。这些结果表明，在迷走神经切断猫的舌下神经放电的早期峰值模式也取决于呼吸驱动的水平，而不仅仅是依赖于迷走神经传入输入。此外，这些数据表明，延髓腹面附近的结构是有影响力的舌下神经活动的模式的形成和维持平衡的上气道和胸壁肌肉的活动。
Upper airway dilating muscle activity is characterized by an early-peaking pattern which serves to dilate or stiffen the upper airway at the time when the greatest negative intraluminal pressure is generated by contraction of chest wall muscles. This pattern has been attributed to phasic afferent inputs from pulmonary stretch receptors. The present study examines the hypothesis that nonvagal factors may also influence the discharge pattern and coordination of upper airway and chest wall muscle activities. Therefore, in anesthetized, paralyzed, vagotomized and artificially ventilated cats, we examined the effects of changes in respiratory drive produced by activation of cholinergic and GA-BAergic (γ-aminobutyric acid) receptors at the ventrolateral aspects of the medulla oblongata on phasic intrabreath discharge patterns of hypoglossal and phrenic nerves. Cholinergic agents (acetylcholine, carbachol, methacholine, physostigmine) applied directly to chemoreceptive areas on the ventral medullary surface increased hypoglossal activity, and in addition converted inspiratory discharge from an augmenting to a decrementing pattern of activity. The reverse effect on the discharge pattern of hypoglossal activity was observed with a decrease in respiratory drive. While the amplitude of the phrenic nerve discharge was also affected by these interventions, the augmenting discharge pattern of phrenic nerve activity did not change. These results suggest that the early peaking pattern of hypoglossal nerve discharge in vagotomized cats also depends on the level of respiratory drive, and is not solely dependent on vagal afferent inputs. In addition, the data suggest that structures near the ventral surface of the medulla are influential in shaping the pattern of hypoglossal nerve activity and maintaining balanced activity of upper airway and chest wall muscles.