Eosinophils in the zebrafish: prospective isolation, characterization, and eosinophilia induction by helminth determinants
Eosinophils in the zebrafish: prospective isolation, characterization, and eosinophilia induction by helminth determinants
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DOI：
10.1182/blood-2010-03-267419
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发表时间：
2010-11-11
期刊：
影响因子：
20.3
通讯作者：
Traver, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Balla, Keir M.;Lugo-Villarino, Geanncarlo;Traver, David
嗜酸性粒细胞是粒细胞性白细胞，涉及免疫和疾病的诸多方面。然而，嗜酸性粒细胞的确切功能仍然是个谜。因此，研究嗜酸性粒细胞生物学的替代模型可能会对其功能产生新的见解。在斑马鱼中已观察到嗜酸性细胞，但尚未对其进行全面的特征描述。我们使用gata2:eGFP转基因动物对斑马鱼嗜酸性粒细胞进行前瞻性分离和特征分析，并证明成年造血组织中所有gata2（高表达）细胞都是嗜酸性粒细胞。尽管嗜酸性粒细胞在大多数器官中很少见，但很容易从全肾骨髓中分离出来，并且在腹腔内大量存在。分子分析表明，斑马鱼嗜酸性粒细胞表达对哺乳动物嗜酸性粒细胞活动很重要的基因。此外，gata2（高表达）细胞会对蠕虫提取物发生脱颗粒反应。长期接触与蠕虫相关的过敏原会导致严重的嗜酸性粒细胞增多，这表明嗜酸性粒细胞对过敏原的反应在进化过程中是保守的。重要的是，用毛首线虫（一种硬骨鱼的天然线虫病原体）感染成年斑马鱼会导致肠道内嗜酸性粒细胞数量显著增加。总之，这些观察结果支持嗜酸性粒细胞在对蠕虫抗原或感染的反应中具有保守作用，并提供了一个新的模型，以便更好地理解寄生虫如何激活、利用或逃避脊椎动物的免疫反应。（《血液》2010年；116(19):3944 - 3954）
Eosinophils are granulocytic leukocytes implicated in numerous aspects of immunity and disease. The precise functions of eosinophils, however, remain enigmatic. Alternative models to study eosinophil biology may thus yield novel insights into their function. Eosinophilic cells have been observed in zebrafish but have not been thoroughly characterized. We used a gata2:eGFP transgenic animal to enable prospective isolation and characterization of zebrafish eosinophils, and demonstrate that all gata2(hi) cells in adult hematopoietic tissues are eosinophils. Although eosinophils are rare in most organs, they are readily isolated from whole kidney marrow and abundant within the peritoneal cavity. Molecular analyses demonstrate that zebrafish eosinophils express genes important for the activities of mammalian eosinophils. In addition, gata2(hi) cells degranulate in response to helminth extract. Chronic exposure to helminthrelated allergens resulted in profound eosinophilia, demonstrating that eosinophil responses to allergens have been con-served over evolution. Importantly, infection of adult zebrafish with Pseudocapillaria tomentosa, a natural nematode pathogen of teleosts, caused marked increases in eosinophil number within the intestine. Together, these observations support a conserved role for eosinophils in the response to helminth antigens or infection and provide a new model to better understand how parasitic worms activate, co-opt, or evade the vertebrate immune response. (Blood. 2010; 116(19):3944-3954)