Prevalence, correlates, and persistence of maternal depression
Prevalence, correlates, and persistence of maternal depression
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DOI：
10.1089/jwh.2006.0185
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Carter, Alice S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Horwitz, Sarah McCue;Briggs-Gowan, Margaret J.;Carter, Alice S.
目的和方法：使用出生队列，这些二次分析记录了幼儿母亲抑郁症状的患病率和相关性，以及在一年的随访中持续性和偶发性抑郁症状升高的发生率和预测因素。结果：在最初的调查中，大约17%的有幼儿的母亲抑郁症状加剧。在最初出现抑郁症状的女性中，46%的人在一年的随访中继续出现抑郁症状的上升。调整回归模型的结果表明，初始症状升高与共病焦虑症状、父母教养困难、身体健康差、经济压力、应激性生活事件、低社会支持、低家庭表现力和年幼儿童年龄等因素有关。对于有伴侣的女性子组(n=860)，与伴侣的关系质量和伴侣的参与是最初升高的抑郁症状的显著相关因素。持续升高的抑郁症状与高焦虑症状、高家庭冲突和低母亲教育显著相关。抑郁症状升高的事件预测因素表明，除了社会人口统计学因素外，教育和母亲种族/民族、身体健康、育儿痛苦以及亲子生活事件都与抑郁症状升高有关。结论：抑郁症状升高是常见的，在我们的样本中，近一半在最初评估时抑郁症状升高的女性在一年的随访中也有升高的症状。持续性和偶发性升高的抑郁症状有不同的预测因素，这表明母亲抑郁的识别和治疗必须持续到产后不久，以防止抑郁对母亲和她们年幼的孩子造成负面后果。
Aims and Methods: Using a birth cohort, these secondary analyses document the prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms in mothers of young children, as well as the rates and predictors of persistent and incident elevated depressive symptoms at a 1-year follow-up.Results: At the initial survey, approximately 17% of women with young children had elevated depressive symptoms. Forty-six percent of women with initial elevated depressive symptoms continued to have elevated depressive symptoms at the 1-year follow-up. Results of adjusted regression models indicated that elevated initial symptoms were associated with such factors as comorbid anxiety symptoms, parenting distress, poor physical health, financial strain, stressful life events, low social support, low family expressiveness, and younger child age. For the subset of women with partners (n = 860), quality of the relationship with the partner and partner involvement were significant correlates of initial elevated depressive symptoms. Persistent elevated depressive symptoms were significantly associated with high anxiety symptoms, high family conflict, and low maternal education. Predictors of incident cases of elevated depressive symptoms indicated that in addition to sociodemographic correlates, education and maternal race/ethnicity, physical health, parenting distress, and parent and child life events are related to the development of elevated symptoms.Conclusions: Elevated depressive symptoms are common, and almost one half of the women in our sample with elevated depressive symptoms at the initial assessment also had elevated symptoms at the 1-year follow-up. Persistent and incident elevated depressive symptoms had different predictors, suggesting that identification and treatment of maternal depression must continue beyond the immediate postpartum period to prevent negative consequences of depression for mothers and their young children.