Factors to consider when assessing diurnal variation in sports performance: the influence of chronotype and habitual training time-of-day
Factors to consider when assessing diurnal variation in sports performance: the influence of chronotype and habitual training time-of-day
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DOI：
10.1007/s00421-015-3109-9
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Roden, Laura C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rae, Dale E.;Stephenson, Kim J.;Roden, Laura C.
本研究的目的是比较训练有素的游泳运动员早晚计时赛的表现、RPE 和情绪状态，同时考虑到时间型、习惯性训练时间和 PERIOD3 (PER3) 可变数量串联重复基因型。26 名游泳运动员（18 名男性，年龄：32.6 +/- A 5.7 岁）在 06 点 30 分进行 200 米计时赛 (TT) 游泳， 18:30 以随机顺序排列。有 当游泳者被视为单个组时，早上和晚上的表现没有差异（06h30：158.8 +/- A 22.7 s，18h30：158.5 +/- A 22.0 s，p = 0.611）。然而，通过按时间类型和习惯性训练时间对游泳运动员进行分组，我们可以检测到每日表现的显着变化，例如早晨型游泳运动员和习惯在早上训练的游泳运动员在 06 点 30 分的 TT 中速度更快（分别为 p = 0.036 和 p = 0.011）。与此同时，早晨型游泳运动员或早上训练的运动员在 06 点 30 分之前热身后的感知用力 (RPE) 分数较低，活力较高，疲劳分数较低。同样，在 18 点 30 分 TT 之前，这两种类型和那些在晚上训练的人都没有较低的疲劳度和较高的活力。看来，在评估每日表现变化时，需要考虑时间类型和习惯性训练时间。从实践的角度来看，运动员和教练应该意识到训练时间对一天中不同时间表现变化的潜在强大影响。
The aim of this study was to compare morning and evening time-trial performance, RPE and mood state of trained swimmers, taking into account chronotype, habitual training time-of-day and PERIOD3 (PER3) variable number tandem repeat genotype.Twenty-six swimmers (18 males, age: 32.6 +/- A 5.7 years) swam 200 m time trials (TT) at 06h30 and 18h30 in a randomised order.There was no difference between morning and evening performance when the swimmers were considered as a single group (06h30: 158.8 +/- A 22.7 s, 18h30: 158.5 +/- A 22.0 s, p = 0.611). However, grouping swimmers by chronotype and habitual training time-of-day allowed us to detect significant diurnal variation in performance, such that morning-type swimmers and those who habitually train in the morning were faster in the 06h30 TT (p = 0.036 and p = 0.011, respectively). This was accompanied by lower ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) scores post-warm-up, higher vigour and lower fatigues scores prior to the 06h30 TT in morning-type swimmers or those who trained in the morning. Similarly, neither types and those who trained in the evenings had lower fatigue and higher vigour prior to the 18h30 TT.It appears that both chronotype and habitual training time-of-day need to be considered when assessing diurnal variation in performance. From a practical point of view, athletes and coaches should be aware of the potentially powerful effect of training time on shifting time-of-day variation in performance.