Multiple levels of representation of song by European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris):: Open-ended categorization of starling song types and differential forgetting of song categories and exemplars
Multiple levels of representation of song by European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris):: Open-ended categorization of starling song types and differential forgetting of song categories and exemplars
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DOI：
10.1037//0735-7036.114.1.61
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Braaten, RF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Braaten, RF
四个欧洲椋鸟（Sturnus vulgaris）进行了培训，以区分同种和异种的歌段在去/不去操作性任务。在实验1中，椋鸟区分新的椋鸟和异种歌曲，表明一个开放式的同类歌曲类型的类别。椋鸟也表现出良好的记忆，加强同种歌曲和区分从属类别的同种歌曲。在实验2中，椋鸟的歌曲片段从实验1后，8个月的延迟期。椋鸟保留了同种和异种歌曲之间的区别，但不是同种歌曲之间。在8个月的延迟期内，椋鸟还保留了对个别歌手的记忆。椋鸟分类歌曲在物种的水平，并在下属类别的歌曲类型，并可能有上级长期保留的歌曲类别相对于歌曲样本。
Four European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) were trained to discriminate among conspecific and heterospecific song segments in a go/no-go operant task. In Experiment 1, the starlings discriminated among novel starling and heterospecific songs, indicating an open-ended category of conspecific song types. The starlings also showed excellent memory for reinforced conspecific songs and discriminated among subordinate categories of conspecific song. In Experiment 2, the starlings were presented with the song segments from Experiment 1 after an 8-month delay period. The starlings retained the discrimination between conspecific and heterospecific songs but not among conspecific songs. The starlings also retained memory for individual singers over the 8-month delay. Starlings categorize song at the level of species, and at subordinate categories of song types, and may have superior long-term retention of song categories relative to song exemplars.