Genome-wide survey of putative serine/threonine protein kinases in cyanobacteria.
Genome-wide survey of putative serine/threonine protein kinases in cyanobacteria.
复制标题
蓝细菌中推定的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶的全基因组调查。
DOI：
10.1186/1471-2164-8-395
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发表时间：
2007-10-30
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Qin, Song
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Xiaowen;Zhao, Fangqing;Guan, Xiangyu;Yang, Yu;Liang, Chengwei;Qin, Song
在越来越多的原核生物中发现了丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶（STK），它们在信号转导中发挥着重要作用，补充了众所周知的双组分系统的作用。蓝细菌是光合自养原核生物，能够在广泛的生态环境中生长，其信号转导系统对于适应环境具有重要意义。来自多个蓝藻基因组的序列信息为对该激酶家族进行全面的比较分析提供了独特的机会。在这项研究中，我们从 21 个已测序的蓝藻物种中提取了有关 Ser/Thr 激酶的信息，并研究了它们的多样性、保守性、结构域结构和进化。鉴定出 286 个推定的 STK 同系物。 STK 在四种原绿球藻菌株和一种海洋聚球藻菌株中不存在，并且在丝状固氮蓝藻中丰富。真核 STK 中典型的基序和不变氨基酸在这些蛋白质中得到很好的保守，并且还发现了另外 6 个蓝细菌或细菌特异性的保守残基。这些 STK 蛋白根据其结构域分为三个主要家族。鉴定出 14 种类型和总共 131 个附加结构域，据报道其中一些结构域参与信号或底物的识别。蓝藻 STK 显示出相当复杂的系统发育关系，与基于 16S rRNA 和基于其他结构域的系统发育关系较差。不同蓝藻中STK基因的数量是生物体基因组大小、生态生理学和生理特性的结果。相似的保守基序和氨基酸表明蓝藻 STK 使用与真核 STK 相似的催化机制。在 STK 进化过程中，基因的获得和丢失以及结构域改组和插入非常重要。本研究建立了STK基因家族序列-结构-功能相互作用的总体框架，可能有助于进一步研究STK在各种生物体中的作用。
Serine/threonine kinases (STKs) have been found in an increasing number of prokaryotes, showing important roles in signal transduction that supplement the well known role of two-component system. Cyanobacteria are photoautotrophic prokaryotes able to grow in a wide range of ecological environments, and their signal transduction systems are important in adaptation to the environment. Sequence information from several cyanobacterial genomes offers a unique opportunity to conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis of this kinase family. In this study, we extracted information regarding Ser/Thr kinases from 21 species of sequenced cyanobacteria and investigated their diversity, conservation, domain structure, and evolution. 286 putative STK homologues were identified. STKs are absent in four Prochlorococcus strains and one marine Synechococcus strain and abundant in filamentous nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. Motifs and invariant amino acids typical in eukaryotic STKs were conserved well in these proteins, and six more cyanobacteria- or bacteria-specific conserved residues were found. These STK proteins were classified into three major families according to their domain structures. Fourteen types and a total of 131 additional domains were identified, some of which are reported to participate in the recognition of signals or substrates. Cyanobacterial STKs show rather complicated phylogenetic relationships that correspond poorly with phylogenies based on 16S rRNA and those based on additional domains. The number of STK genes in different cyanobacteria is the result of the genome size, ecophysiology, and physiological properties of the organism. Similar conserved motifs and amino acids indicate that cyanobacterial STKs make use of a similar catalytic mechanism as eukaryotic STKs. Gene gain-and-loss is significant during STK evolution, along with domain shuffling and insertion. This study has established an overall framework of sequence-structure-function interactions for the STK gene family, which may facilitate further studies of the role of STKs in various organisms.