Alkali Metal Carbenoids: A Case of Higher Stability of the Heavier Congeners.

Alkali Metal Carbenoids: A Case of Higher Stability of the Heavier Congeners.
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碱金属类胡萝卜素:较重同系物具有更高稳定性的案例

DOI:
10.1002/anie.201601356
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
V. H. Gessner
V. H. Gessner
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
S. Molitor;V. H. Gessner

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由于金属-碳键的极性随着元素周期表中元素的下降而增加,因此较重的碱金属有机化合物通常比它们的锂同系物更具反应性且不太稳定。我们现在报告碱金属类卡宾的相反趋势。用较重的金属(Na,K)简单地取代锂,可以显著稳定这些通常具有高活性的化合物。这允许它们在室温下的分离和处理,以及类卡宾钠和钾的首次结构解析。稳定性控制用于控制反应性和选择性。因此,Na和K类卡宾充当选择性卡宾转移试剂,而更不稳定的锂体系产生产物混合物。通过冠醚加成对M-C相互作用的额外微调进一步允许控制稳定性和反应性。
As a result of the increased polarity of the metal–carbon bond when going down the group of the periodic table, the heavier alkali metal organyl compounds are generally more reactive and less stable than their lithium congeners. We now report a reverse trend for alkali metal carbenoids. Simple substitution of lithium by the heavier metals (Na, K) results in a significant stabilization of these usually highly reactive compounds. This allows their isolation and handling at room temperature and the first structure elucidation of sodium and potassium carbenoids. The control of stability was used to control reactivity and selectivity. Hence, the Na and K carbenoids act as selective carbene‐transfer reagents, whereas the more labile lithium systems give rise to product mixtures. Additional fine tuning of the M−C interaction by means of crown ether addition further allows for control of the stability and reactivity.
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