Life — A Problem Inherent in the Research Context
Life — A Problem Inherent in the Research Context
复制标题
生命——研究中固有的问题
DOI：
10.1142/9789812706560_0002
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
F. Gottwald
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Gottwald
“最重要的是，必须记住主要的一点：一切存在或出现、持续或流逝的事物，不能被认为是完全孤立的，而不是完全幼稚的；因为一个事物总是被另一个事物所渗透，伴随着，被遮蔽，被包围；它影响并被影响着，在这么多的人同时工作的情况下，洞察力应该从哪里发出，统治者和被统治者之间的决定，以及注定要领导的人和必须跟随的人之间的决定？“(约翰·沃尔夫冈诉歌德，1825)在其人类寻求知识的历史中，所有文化都证明了一个问题形成了所有科学和哲学的开始：”生命是什么？“数百年的文化史为获得洞察力而斗争，这些洞察力导致对生命的可能意义以及人类应该如何对待所有生物的更深层次的理解，这证实了对于生命的真实是什么，没有普遍的答案。几乎没有一个概念、一个概念或一个词比“生活”更含糊。因此，定义只是作为分割的限制，例如哲学、生物学或物理化学的区别，这本身就产生了一种意义的丧失。目前，生命系统认知科学的理论(如Maturana和Varela提出的圣地亚哥认知论)最终提出了认知过程等同于生命过程的命题。哲学史
“Above all other things, the main point must be remembered: that everything that is or appears, lasts or passes, may not be thought of as totally isolated, not totally callow; as one thing is always permeated by another, accompanied, sheathed, enveloped; it influences and is influenced, and with so many beings working simultaneously, from whence should insight emanate, the decision between ruler and ruled, and between the one destined to lead and the other obliged to follow?”(Johann Wolfgang v. Goethe, 1825)All cultures in their histories of the human quest for knowledge prove that one question forms the beginning of all science and philosophy:“What is Life?” The centuries-old cultural history struggle for insights which lead to a deeper understanding of the possible meaning of life and how man ought to deal with all living things, has confirmed that there is no universal answer to what life really is. Hardly a concept, a notion or word is more ambiguous than “life”. Thus definitions serve only as sectored limitations, such as philosophical, biological or physiochemical distinctions, which inherently produce a loss of meaning. At the moment, the theories of cognitive science of living systems (as expressed in the Santiago Theory of Cognition worked out by Maturana and Varela) culminate in the proposition that the cognitive process is tantamount to the process of life. The history of philosophical