Childhood Trauma and Neural Responses to Personalized Stress, Favorite-Food and Neutral-Relaxing Cues in Adolescents
Childhood Trauma and Neural Responses to Personalized Stress, Favorite-Food and Neutral-Relaxing Cues in Adolescents
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DOI：
10.1038/npp.2015.6
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Potenza, Marc N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elsey, James;Coates, Alice;Potenza, Marc N.
先前的研究发现，童年创伤与皮质纹状体边缘大脑区域的功能和结构异常有关，这可能解释了创伤与负面心理和身体健康结果之间的关联。然而，虐待相关创伤的功能性神经影像学由于主要使用通用且主要是厌恶性刺激而受到限制。功能性磁共振成像过程中的个性化压力、最喜欢的食物和中性/放松线索被用来探讨不同程度地遭受虐待相关创伤的青少年情绪/动机状态的神经相关性。六十四名青少年被分为高或低创伤暴露组。收集了主观焦虑和渴望的线索相关测量。与低度创伤暴露组相比，高度创伤暴露青少年的岛叶、前扣带皮层和前额叶皮层对压力信号的反应增强。在高创伤暴露组中，包括海马体在内的皮质下结构的激活与主观焦虑呈负相关，但在低创伤暴露组中则不然。高创伤暴露组对中性/放松线索的反应表现出小脑区域的活动减退。没有观察到对最喜欢的食物线索的反应存在组间差异。创伤暴露与皮质边缘回路改变之间的关系可能部分解释了童年创伤与情绪障碍和危险行为的脆弱性之间的关联。这在青春期尤其重要，因为这种困难经常出现。需要进一步的工作来阐明创伤与肥胖之间的联系机制。
Previous studies have found childhood trauma to be associated with functional and structural abnormalities in corticostriatal-limbic brain regions, which may explain the associations between trauma and negative mental and physical health outcomes. However, functional neuroimaging of maltreatment-related trauma has been limited by largely using generic and predominantly aversive stimuli. Personalized stress, favorite-food, and neutral/relaxing cues during functional magnetic resonance imaging were used to probe the neural correlates of emotional/motivational states in adolescents with varying exposure to maltreatment-related trauma. Sixty-four adolescents were stratified into high- or low-trauma-exposed groups. Cue-related measures of subjective anxiety and craving were collected. Relative to the low-trauma-exposed group, high-trauma-exposed adolescents displayed an increased activation of insula, anterior cingulate, and prefrontal cortex in response to stress cues. Activation in subcortical structures, including the hippocampus, was inversely correlated with subjective anxiety in the high-but not the low-trauma-exposed group. The high-trauma-exposed group displayed hypoactivity of cerebellar regions in response to neutral/relaxing cues. No group differences were observed in response to favorite-food cues. The relationship between trauma exposure and altered cortico-limbic circuitry may in part explain the association between childhood trauma and heightened vulnerability to emotional disturbances and risky behaviour. This may be particularly pertinent during adolescence when such difficulties often emerge. Further work is needed to elucidate the mechanism linking trauma to obesity.