Mechanisms driving phenological and range change in migratory species
Mechanisms driving phenological and range change in migratory species
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2018.0047
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发表时间：
2019-09-16
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Gunnarsson, Tomas G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gill, Jennifer A.;Alves, Jose A.;Gunnarsson, Tomas G.
许多迁徙系统在空间和时间上都在迅速变化，这些变化给保护带来了挑战。物种范围内当地丰度和场地占有率的变化引起了人们对现有保护区网络有效性的担忧，而物候学的变化可能会导致年度活动的时间与关键资源的可用性不匹配。这些变化可能是由于个体在空间和时间上的转移，或者是由于使用不同地点的个体频率的代际变化，或者是由于不同的迁徙时间表。通过对迁徙滨鸟的长期研究，我们发现这些变化是通过空间和物候分布的世代变化发生的，并且个体在空间和时间上是高度一致的。对牧场大小和物候未来变化率的预测，以及它们对物种保护的影响，将需要理解可能推动代际转换的过程。因此，我们探讨了可能影响物候和分布代际变化的发展、人口和环境过程，以及区分这些变化机制所需的研究。本文是主题问题“将行为与种群和社区的动态联系起来：行为生态学中新方法在保护中的应用”的一部分。
Many migratory systems are changing rapidly in space and time, and these changes present challenges for conservation. Changes in local abundance and site occupancy across species' ranges have raised concerns over the efficacy of the existing protected area networks, while changes in phenology can potentially create mismatches in the timing of annual events with the availability of key resources. These changes could arise either through individuals shifting in space and time or through generational shifts in the frequency of individuals using different locations or on differing migratory schedules. Using a long-term study of a migratory shorebird in which individuals have been tracked through a period of range expansion and phenological change, we show that these changes occur through generational shifts in spatial and phenological distributions, and that individuals are highly consistent in space and time. Predictions of future rates of changes in range size and phenology, and their implications for species conservation, will require an understanding of the processes that can drive generational shifts. We therefore explore the developmental, demographic and environmental processes that could influence generational shifts in phenology and distribution, and the studies that will be needed to distinguish among these mechanisms of change.This article is part of the theme issue 'Linking behaviour to dynamics of populations and communities: application of novel approaches in behavioural ecology to conservation'.