PROJECTIONS OF CHOLINERGIC AND NON-CHOLINERGIC NEURONS OF THE BRAIN-STEM CORE TO RELAY AND ASSOCIATIONAL THALAMIC NUCLEI IN THE CAT AND MACAQUE MONKEY
PROJECTIONS OF CHOLINERGIC AND NON-CHOLINERGIC NEURONS OF THE BRAIN-STEM CORE TO RELAY AND ASSOCIATIONAL THALAMIC NUCLEI IN THE CAT AND MACAQUE MONKEY
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DOI：
10.1016/0306-4522(88)90006-1
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发表时间：
1988-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
SMITH, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
STERIADE, M;PARE, D;SMITH, Y
采用小麦胚芽凝集素-辣根过氧化物酶结合胆碱乙酰转移酶逆行转运的免疫组化方法，研究了猫和猕猴脑干核心神经元对丘脑相关核和中继核的投射。所有主要的感觉（内侧膝状，外侧膝状，腹基底），运动（腹前，腹外，腹内），联想（中背，pulvinar，外侧后）和边缘(前内侧，发现猫的前腹侧丘脑核接受位于桥脚核的臂周区域和外侧被盖核的胆碱能神经元以及中部被盖区吻侧（脑周）部分的非胆碱能神经元的投射。特异性中继核从位于吻侧中脑水平的非胆碱能神经元接受不到10%的脑干传入神经，而85-96%的脑干神经支配来自中脑-桥脑交界处的区域，该区域是胆碱能臂周区和背侧被盖核最发达的区域。在各种特异性接力核注射后观察到的辣根过氧化物酶阳性脑干神经元总数中，双标记（辣根过氧化物酶+胆碱乙酰转移酶）神经元约占70-85%。在猫丘脑联合核（中背侧和枕侧后复合体）和弥漫性皮质突出核（腹内侧）注射后，发现辣根过氧化物酶标记的脑干细胞的数量是特定传递核注射后的3 - 8倍。在具有联合功能的细胞核注射后，观察到明显的逆行细胞标记和广泛的皮质投射，这是由于来自中脑非胆碱能部分和脑桥网状结构的大量传入，在单侧和对侧。小麦胚芽凝集素-辣根过氧化物酶注射后，45-50%的辣根过氧化物酶阳性脑干臂周神经元也呈胆碱乙酰转移酶阳性。在猴子的臂周胆碱能区内侧部分发现细胞特别向枕侧后核复合体投射，而在中腰侧注射后看到的逆行细胞标记主要局限于臂周区背侧和腹侧的外侧部分。这些发现支持胆碱能和非胆碱能脑干丘脑投射在警觉行为状态的各种紧张性和阶段性事件中所起的作用。
The projections of brainstem core neurons to relay and associational thalamic nuclei were studied in the cat and macaque monkeys by combining the retrograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated with horseradish peroxidase with choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry. All major sensory (medial geniculate, lateral geniculate, ventrobasal), motor (ventroanterior, ventrolateral, ventromedial), associational (mediodorsal, pulvinar, lateral posterior) and limbic (anteromedial, anteroventral) thalamic nuclei of the cat were found to receive projections from cholinergic neurons located in the peribrachial area of the pedunculopontine nucleus and in the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus as well as from non-cholinergic neurons in the rostral (perirubral) part of the central tegmental mesencephalic field. Specific relay nuclei receive less than 10% of their brainstem afferents from non-cholinergic neurons located at rostral midbrain levels and receive 85-96% of their brainstem innervation from a region at midbrain-pontine junction where the cholinergic peribrachial area and laterodorsal tegmental nucleus are maximally developed. Of the total number horseradish peroxidase-positive brainstem neurons seen after injections in various specific relay nuclei, the double-labeled (horseradish peroxidase + choline acetyltransferase) neurons represent approximately 70-85%. Three to eight times more numerous horseradish peroxidase-labeled brainstem cells were found after injections in associational (mediodorsal and pulvinar-lateral posterior complex) and diffusely cortically-projecting (ventromedial) thalamic nuclei of cat than after injections in specific relay nuclei. The striking retrograde cell labeling observed after injections in nuclei with associative functions and widespread cortical projections was due to massive afferentation from non-cholinergic parts of the midbrain and pontine reticular formation, on both ipsi- and contralateral sides. After wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase injections in the associative pulvinar-lateral posterior complex and mediodorsal nucleus of Macaca sylvana, 45-50% of horseradish peroxidase-positive brainstem peribrachial neurons were also choline acetyltransferase-positive. While cells in the medial part of the cholinergic peribrachial area were found to project especially towards the pulvinar-lateral posterior nuclear complex in monkey, the retrograde cell labeling seen after the mediodorsal injection was mostly confined to the lateral part of both dorsal and ventral aspects of the peribrachial area. These findings support the role played by cholinergic and non-cholinergic brainstem-thalamic projections in various tonic and phasic events of behavioral states of vigilance.