Is matching innate?
Is matching innate?
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DOI：
10.1901/jeab.2007.92-05
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Carbone, Kimberly S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gallistel, C. R.;King, Adam Philip;Carbone, Kimberly S.
实验幼稚的小鼠匹配的比例，他们的时间投资（访问持续时间）在两个喂养料斗的比例的食物收入（每单位会话时间的颗粒）来自他们在三个实验中，不同的行为投资和食物收入之间的耦合，从没有耦合到严格耦合。从一开始就观察到了匹配;它并没有随着培训而改善。当收到的颗粒数量与投入的时间成比例时，投资是不稳定的，从持续的，几乎完全投资于一个料斗，突然摆动到持续的，几乎完全投资于另一个料斗，在没有适当的局部波动的情况下，回报（每次投资获得的颗粒）。波动的不稳定性强烈地限制了可能的模型。我们认为，匹配反映了一个先天的（无条件的）程序，匹配的比例预期访问持续时间的比例之间的当前估计的预期收入。一个模型，处理的收入流寻找收入的变化，并产生不连续的收入估计时，检测到的变化被证明是占数据的显着特征。
Experimentally naive mice matched the proportions of their temporal investments (visit durations) in two feeding hoppers to the proportions of the food income (pellets per unit session time) derived from them in three experiments that varied the coupling between the behavioral investment and food income, from no coupling to strict coupling. Matching was observed from the outset; it did not improve with training. When the numbers of pellets received were proportional to time invested, investment was unstable, swinging abruptly from sustained, almost complete investment in one hopper, to sustained, almost complete investment in the other-in the absence of appropriate local fluctuations in returns (pellets obtained per time invested). The abruptness of the swings strongly constrains possible models. We suggest that matching reflects an innate (unconditioned) program that matches the ratio of expected visit durations to the ratio between the current estimates of expected incomes. A model that processes the income stream looking for changes in the income and generates discontinuous income estimates when a change is detected is shown to account for salient features of the data.