Electric Vehicle Battery Life Extension Using Ultracapacitors and an FPGA Controlled Interleaved Buck–Boost Converter
Electric Vehicle Battery Life Extension Using Ultracapacitors and an FPGA Controlled Interleaved Buck–Boost Converter
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DOI：
10.1109/tpel.2013.2255316
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发表时间：
2013-03
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
J. Blanes;R. Gutiérrez;A. Garrigós;J. L. Lizán;J. M. Cuadrado
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Blanes;R. Gutiérrez;A. Garrigós;J. L. Lizán;J. M. Cuadrado
本文介绍了如何使用超级电容器 (UC) 实施混合储能系统 (HESS)，以保护电动汽车 (EV) 的电池免受高峰值电流的影响，从而延长其使用寿命。现场可编程门阵列 (FPGA) 控制的交错式双向降压-升压转换器工作在不连续导通模式，旨在在电池和 UC 之间传输能量。 FPGA 负责生成所有转换器栅极信号并实现平滑电池电流峰值所需的控制级。控制策略是将电机的电流需求分为两部分（高频电流和低频电流），电池供应低频部分，UC 供应高频部分。在不同场景下驾驶电动汽车进行了实验测试。实验结果证明了所提出的 HESS 的良好行为，尽管潜在的电池寿命延长仍在量化中。由于转换器损耗，电动汽车的消耗有所增加，这种增加在典型驾驶场景下是最小的，但在启停驾驶循环中非常重要。
This paper describes the implementation of a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) using ultracapacitors (UCs) to protect the batteries of an electrical vehicle (EV) from high-peak currents and therefore extend their lifetime. A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) controlled interleaved bidirectional buck-boost converter working in a discontinuous conduction mode, has been designed to transfer the energy between the batteries and the UCs. The FPGA is responsible of generating all the converter gate signals and implements the control stage needed to smooth the battery current peaks. The control strategy is based on dividing the current demand of the motor into two parts (high-frequency current and low-frequency current), the batteries supply the low frequency part and the UCs supply the high-frequency part. Experimental tests have been carried out driving the EV under different scenarios. Experimental results demonstrate the good behavior of the proposed HESS, although the potential battery life extension is still under quantification. The consumption of the EV has been increased due to the converter losses, this increase is minimum under typical driving scenarios, but is quite important in start-stop driving cycles.