On the history of indoor air quality and health
On the history of indoor air quality and health
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00273.x
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Sundell, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sundell, J
室内空气是人类的主要暴露场所。在人的一生中，超过一半的身体摄入量是在家中吸入的空气。因此，大多数与环境暴露有关的疾病都源于室内空气暴露。从1850年左右的卫生革命开始，直到1960年左右室外环境问题进入现场，室内空气被认为是一个主要的环境因素。当今的主要环境问题是室外空气质量、能源使用和可持续建筑，而不是室内空气质量（IAQ）。但是，越来越多的证据表明，暴露于室内空气质量是过度发病率和死亡率的原因。在发展中地区，用于烹饪的生物质的室内无通风燃烧是每年至少2，000，000人死亡（主要是妇女和儿童）的原因，并且在发达国家，IAQ是过敏、其他过敏反应、气道感染和癌症的主要原因。肺癌与室内氡和ETS暴露有关。过敏、呼吸道感染和病态建筑综合征与例如，“潮湿”、低通风率和增塑剂。未来必须更加重视室内空气质量和健康问题。
Indoor air is a dominant exposure for humans. More that half of the body's intake during a lifetime is air inhaled in the home. Thus, most illnesses related to environmental exposures stem from indoor air exposure. Indoor air was believed to be a major environmental factor for more than a hundred years, from the start of the hygienic revolution, around 1850, until outdoor environmental issues entered the scene, and became dominant around 1960. Main environmental issues today are outdoor air quality, energy use, and sustainable buildings, but not indoor air quality (IAQ). But, there is mounting evidence that exposure to IAQ is the cause of excessive morbidity and mortality. In developing regions indoor unvented burning of biomass for cooking is the cause of at least 2,000,000 deaths a year (mainly women and children), and in the developed world IAQ is a main cause of allergies, other hypersensitivity reactions, airway infections, and cancers. Cancer of the lungs is related to indoor radon and ETS exposure. Allergies, airway infections and sick building syndrome are associated with, e.g., "dampness", a low ventilation rate, and plasticizers. In the future more emphasis must be given to IAQ and health issues.