Underwater detection of tonal signals between 0.125 and 100 kHz by harbor seals (Phoca vitulina)
Underwater detection of tonal signals between 0.125 and 100 kHz by harbor seals (Phoca vitulina)
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DOI：
10.1121/1.3050283
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Terhune, John M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kastelein, Ronald A.;Wensveen, Paul J.;Terhune, John M.
两个1岁的雌性海豹的水下听觉灵敏度进行了量化的声学研究，在一个池中，使用行为心理声学技术。这些动物被训练在检测到声音信号时做出反应，而在检测不到声音信号时不做出反应（进行/不进行反应）。测试了纯音（0.125-0.25 kHz）和900 ms持续时间的窄带调频（音调）信号（中心频率0.5-100 kHz）。使用上下阶梯法测量每个频率下的持续时间，并将其定义为导致50%检测率的刺激水平。两种海豹的听力图在统计学上没有差异：两种图都显示出典型的哺乳动物U形，但底部宽而平坦。最大灵敏度（54 dB re 1 mu Pa，rms）出现在1 kHz。最佳听力的频率范围（在最大灵敏度的10 dB内）为0.5至40 kHz（61/3倍频程）。在1 kHz以下和40 kHz以上观察到较高的听力阈值（表明灵敏度较差）。低于4 kHz的听力低于先前描述的海豹，这表明使用安静的设施，专门为声学研究，在海洋哺乳动物的听力研究的重要性。结果表明，在暴露的条件下，许多人为噪声源和同种的声音在比以前认为的更大的范围内可被斑海豹听到。(C)2009年美国声学学会。[DOI：10.1121/1.3050283]
The underwater hearing sensitivities of two 1-year-old female harbor seals were quantified in a pool built for acoustic research, using a behavioral psychoacoustic technique. The animals were trained to respond when they detected an acoustic signal and not to respond when they did not (go/no-go response). Pure tones (0.125-0.25 kHz) and narrowband frequency modulated (tonal) signals (center frequencies 0.5-100 kHz) of 900 ms duration were tested. Thresholds at each frequency were measured using the up-down staircase method and defined as the stimulus level resulting in a 50% detection rate. The audiograms of the two seals did not differ statistically: both plots showed the typical mammalian U-shape, but with a wide and flat bottom. Maximum sensitivity (54 dB re 1 mu Pa, rms) occurred at 1 kHz. The frequency range of best hearing (within 10 dB of maximum sensitivity) was from 0.5 to 40 kHz (61/3 octaves). Higher hearing thresholds (indicating poorer sensitivity) were observed below 1 and above 40 kHz. Thresholds below 4 kHz were lower than those previously described for harbor seals, which demonstrates the importance of using quiet facilities, built specifically for acoustic research, for hearing studies in marine mammals. The results suggest that under unmasked conditions many anthropogenic noise sources and sounds from conspecifics are audible to harbor seals at greater ranges than formerly believed. (C) 2009 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI:10.1121/1.3050283]