Mobilization and transfer of nutrients from litter to tree seedlings via the vegetative mycelium of ectomycorrhizal plants
Mobilization and transfer of nutrients from litter to tree seedlings via the vegetative mycelium of ectomycorrhizal plants
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通过外生菌根植物的营养菌丝体从凋落物到树苗的营养物质的动员和转移
DOI：
10.1046/j.1469-8137.2000.00569.x
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
D. Read
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Pérez‐Moreno;D. Read
的菌根真菌桩菌渐开线动员氮和磷的离散补丁的山毛榉（山毛榉），桦树（白桦）和松树（樟子松）凋落物从三个森林土壤的发酵层收集的能力，并将营养转移到殖民B。pendula Roth幼苗，在透明的观察箱中进行了研究。结果表明，渐开线羊肚菌菌丝在3种凋落物中均表现出强烈的觅食行为，90 d后3种凋落物中磷含量均显著下降。在同一时期，只有一个类型的凋落物，山毛榉，表现出超过10%的损失，其N含量。凋落物的利用导致整个腔室中真菌的营养菌丝体的活力，以及相对于负凋落物（−L）系统中生长的幼苗，正凋落物（+L）中生长的幼苗的生物量生产和叶面积的显著增加。产量的增加与全株组织含量和磷浓度的增加有关，而与氮含量的增加有关。计算表明，从凋落物中损失的磷的主要比例起源于其有机部分。的可能的基础之间的差异，从凋落物和增益的植物的N损失值进行了讨论，并在何种程度上被认为是一个独特的模式，这种真菌-植物组合的养分动员是一个功能。因此，菌根系统营养菌丝体的一个重要功能可能是从森林土壤发酵层的天然有机基质中吸收养分。强调需要对更广泛的真菌-植物伙伴关系进行实验分析。
The ability of the mycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus to mobilize nitrogen and phosphorus from discrete patches of beech (Fagus sylvatica), birch (Betula pendula) and pine (Pinus sylvestris) litter collected from the fermentation horizon of three forest soils, and to transfer the nutrients to colonized B. pendula Roth seedlings, was investigated in transparent observation chambers. The mycelium of P. involutus foraged intensively in all three types of litter, leading to a significant decline in their phosphorus contents after 90 d. Over the same period only one of the litter types, beech, showed more than a 10% loss of its N contents. Exploitation of the litter led to invigoration of the vegetative mycelium of the fungus throughout the chambers as well as to significant increases of biomass production and leaf area in seedlings grown in the plus litter (+L) relative to those in minus litter (−L) systems. The yield increases were associated with gains in whole plant tissue content and concentration of P, but in content only in the case of N. Calculations suggest that a major proportion of the phosphorus lost from litter originated in its organic fraction. The possible basis of the discrepancy between values of N loss from litter and gain by the plant is discussed and the extent to which the distinctive pattern of nutrient mobilization is a feature peculiar to this fungus-plant combination is considered. It is concluded that nutrient mobilization from natural organic substrates in the fermentation horizon of forest soils may be a key function of the vegetative mycelium of mycorrhizal systems. The need for experimental analyses of a greater range of fungus-plant partnerships is stressed.