Roles for Intestinal Bacteria, Viruses, and Fungi in Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Therapeutic Approaches.

Roles for Intestinal Bacteria, Viruses, and Fungi in Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Therapeutic Approaches.
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肠道细菌、病毒和真菌在炎症性肠病发病机制和治疗方法中的作用。

DOI:
10.1053/j.gastro.2016.10.012
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发表时间:
2017-03
期刊:
影响因子:
29.4
通讯作者:
Wu GD
Wu GD
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sartor RB;Wu GD

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肠道微生物群参与克罗恩病、溃疡性结肠炎和结肠袋炎的发病机制。本文综述了这些肠道细菌、真菌和病毒通过其复合基因(宏基因组)和代谢产物(代谢组)介导粘膜稳态的机制。我们解释了在生态失调的条件下,它们的特征和功能的改变如何促进炎症和效应免疫反应,介导人类炎症性肠病(IBD)和小鼠小肠结肠炎。通过改变微生物群的结构或功能来治疗IBD患者-无论是使用单独的药物,通过饮食管理,还是作为免疫抑制药物的替代品,都有可能设计肠道环境。我们总结了粪便微生物移植治疗用途的最新信息,并提出了改进策略,以选择性地使个性化治疗方法中的生态失调微生物组正常化。
Intestinal microbiota are involved in the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and pouchitis. We review the mechanisms by which these gut bacteria, fungi, and viruses mediate mucosal homeostasis, via their composite genes (metagenome) and metabolic products (metabolome). We explain how alterations to their profiles and functions under conditions of dysbiosis contribute to inflammation and effector immune responses that mediate inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in humans and enterocolitis in mice. It could be possible to engineer the intestinal environment by modifying the microbiota community structure or function to treat patients with IBD— either with individual agents, via dietary management, or as adjuncts to immunosuppressive drugs. We summarize the latest information on therapeutic use of fecal microbial transplantation and propose improved strategies to selectively normalize the dysbiotic microbiome in personalized approaches to treatment.
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