GENETIC-CONTROL OF MELATONIN SYNTHESIS IN THE PINEAL-GLAND OF THE MOUSE
GENETIC-CONTROL OF MELATONIN SYNTHESIS IN THE PINEAL-GLAND OF THE MOUSE
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DOI：
10.1126/science.3941912
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发表时间：
1986-01-31
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
MENAKER, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
EBIHARA, S;MARKS, T;MENAKER, M
松果体褪黑激素可能在调节脊椎动物昼夜节律和人类情感障碍中起重要作用。在一些哺乳动物中，如仓鼠和绵羊，褪黑激素参与光周期时间测量和生殖控制。虽然野生小鼠（Mus arteriticus）和一些野生的近交系小鼠的松果体中有褪黑激素，但实验室小鼠的几个近交系（例如，C57 BL/6 J）被发现在它们的松果体中没有可检测到的褪黑激素。遗传分析表明，褪黑激素缺乏症的C57 BL/6 J小鼠的两个独立的分离，常染色体隐性基因突变的结果。在松果体中从5-羟色胺合成褪黑激素需要酶N-乙酰转移酶（NAT）和羟基吲哚-O-甲基转移酶（HIOMT）。来自C57 BL/6 J小鼠的松果体具有NAT或HIOMT活性。这些结果表明，这两个基因参与褪黑激素缺乏是负责正常的NAT和HIMOT酶活性的情况下。
Pineal melatonin may play important role in regulation of vertebrate circadian rhythms and in human affective disorders. In some mammals, such as hamsters and sheep, melatonin is involved in photoperiodic time measurement and in control of reproduction. Although wild mice (Mus domesticus) and some wild-derived inbred strains of mice have melatonin in their pineal glands, several inbred strains of laboratory mice (for example, C57BL/6J) were found not to have detectable melatonin in their pineal glands. Genetic analysis suggests that melatonin deficiency in C57BL/6J mice results from mutations in two independently segregating, autosomal recessive genes. Synthesis of melatonin from serotonin in the pineal gland requires the enzymes N-acetyltransferase (NAT) and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT). Pineal glands from C57BL/6J mice have either NAT nor HIOMT activity. These results suggest that the two genes involved in melatonin deficiency are responsible for the absence of normal NAT and HIMOT enzyme activity.