Levels of seven urinary phthalate metabolites in a human reference population.
Levels of seven urinary phthalate metabolites in a human reference population.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.00108979
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发表时间：
2000-10
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Brock JW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blount BC;Silva MJ;Caudill SP;Needham LL;Pirkle JL;Sampson EJ;Lucier GW;Jackson RJ;Brock JW
使用一种新的和高选择性的技术，我们测量了尿液样本中的七种常用的邻苯二甲酸酯的单酯代谢物从参考人群的289名成年人。这种分析方法使我们能够直接测量导致动物生殖和发育毒性的单个邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物，同时避免普遍存在的母体化合物的污染。尿中水平最高的单酯是邻苯二甲酸单乙酯（第95百分位数，3，750 ppb，2，610 μ g/g肌酐）、邻苯二甲酸单丁酯（第95百分位数，294 ppb，162 μ g/g肌酐）和邻苯二甲酸单苄酯（第95百分位数，137 ppb，92 μ g/g肌酐），反映了邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、邻苯二甲酸三丁酯和邻苯二甲酸苄丁酯的暴露。研究发现，育龄妇女（20-40岁）的邻苯二甲酸单丁酯（啮齿动物的生殖和发育毒物）水平显著高于其他年龄/性别组（p < 0.005）。目前对邻苯二甲酸酯的科学和监管关注几乎完全集中在仅接触两种邻苯二甲酸酯（邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯和邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯）的健康风险上。我们的研究结果强烈表明，人体邻苯二甲酸酯暴露的健康风险评估应包括邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、邻苯二甲酸三丁酯和邻苯二甲酸苄丁酯。
Using a novel and highly selective technique, we measured monoester metabolites of seven commonly used phthalates in urine samples from a reference population of 289 adult humans. This analytical approach allowed us to directly measure the individual phthalate metabolites responsible for the animal reproductive and developmental toxicity while avoiding contamination from the ubiquitous parent compounds. The monoesters with the highest urinary levels found were monoethyl phthalate (95th percentile, 3,750 ppb, 2,610 microg/g creatinine), monobutyl phthalate (95th percentile, 294 ppb, 162 microg/g creatinine), and monobenzyl phthalate (95th percentile, 137 ppb, 92 microg/g creatinine), reflecting exposure to diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and benzyl butyl phthalate. Women of reproductive age (20-40 years) were found to have significantly higher levels of monobutyl phthalate, a reproductive and developmental toxicant in rodents, than other age/gender groups (p < 0.005). Current scientific and regulatory attention on phthalates has focused almost exclusively on health risks from exposure to only two phthalates, di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and di-isononyl phthalate. Our findings strongly suggest that health-risk assessments for phthalate exposure in humans should include diethyl, dibutyl, and benzyl butyl phthalates.