Americans' knowledge of cancer risk and survival
Americans' knowledge of cancer risk and survival
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DOI：
10.1006/pmed.1996.0136
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发表时间：
1997-03-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Kessler, LG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Breslow, RA;Sorkin, JD;Kessler, LG
背景在美国，每年有超过50万人死于癌症。这项研究调查了美国人对乳腺癌、宫颈癌、结肠癌和前列腺癌的危险因素的了解，这些癌症占这些死亡人数的130，000多人，以及他们对早期发现这些癌症后生存前景的了解。数据来自12，035名完成1992年国家健康调查癌症控制补充调查的受试者，其中包括有关癌症风险因素和生存率的问题。大多数受访者在提示列表时无法确定主要的癌症风险因素。大约三分之二的人没有意识到年龄会增加乳腺癌和结肠癌的风险，饮食会增加结肠癌的风险，或者多个性伴侣会增加宫颈癌的风险。关于生存的知识也很贫乏。只有大约一半的人认为他们在早期发现结肠癌和宫颈癌后有很好的生存机会，5年相对生存率超过90%。美国人对常见癌症的主要危险因素以及早期发现后的生存前景缺乏了解。在所有年龄段、所有种族、所有收入水平和所有教育水平的人群中，对风险因素和宫颈癌和结肠癌生存率的了解都很差，黑人和西班牙裔以及收入最低和受教育程度最低的人群中最差。美国人需要关于癌症风险因素和生存的教育。
Background. There are more than 500,000 deaths from cancer each year in the United States. This study examines Americans' knowledge of risk factors for breast, cervical, colon, and prostate cancers, which account for over 130,000 of these deaths, and their knowledge of the prospects of surviving these cancers following early detection.Methods. Data were obtained from 12,035 subjects who completed the 1992 National Health interview Survey Cancer Control Supplement which includes questions about cancer risk factors and survival.Results. The majority of respondents were unable to identify major cancer risk factors when prompted with a list. Approximately two-thirds did not recognize that age increased the risk for breast and colon cancer, that diet increased the risk for colon cancer, or that multiple sex partners increased the risk for cervical cancer. Knowledge about survival was also poor. Only about half thought they had a good chance of survival following early detection of colon and cervical cancers, for which 5-year relative survival exceeds 90%.Conclusions. Americans lack knowledge about major risk factors for common cancers and about the prospects of survival following early detection. Knowledge about risk factors and about survival from cervical and colon cancers was poor at all ages, among all races, at all income levels, and at all educational levels, it was poorest among blacks and Hispanics and among those with the lowest income and least education. Americans need education about cancer risk factors and survival.