How the Poor Commute in Bangkok, Thailand
How the Poor Commute in Bangkok, Thailand
复制标题
泰国曼谷穷人如何通勤
DOI：
10.3141/2568-13
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Saksith Chalermpong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Apiwat Ratanawaraha;Saksith Chalermpong
这项研究调查了泰国曼谷穷人如何上班。两组旅行调查是针对低收入群体进行的：低收入社区的居民和不同工作地点的低薪工人。结果证实了人们的普遍认识，即穷人的出行行为不仅取决于收入，还取决于公共交通的可用性、工作地点和家庭社区位置。公共交通服务有限的郊区居民往往乘坐私人摩托车出行，并将家庭交通支出的很大一部分用于车辆和燃料费用。其他居住在公共交通服务附近的人更依赖公共交通，并且在交通费用上花费了更大比例的交通支出。两组之间的家庭交通支出没有显着差异。按职业划分的出行调查显示，私人摩托车是最受欢迎的出行方式，其次是雇主提供的交通工具和公共巴士。由于票价相对较高，非正规交通方式所占比例很小。非正规交通的平均通勤成本高于公共巴士的平均成本，并且更接近私人摩托车的平均成本。与女性通勤者相比，男性通勤者更依赖私人摩托车，更少依赖公共交通。随着年龄的增长，对私人摩托车的依赖增加，对公共交通的依赖减少。职业群体之间的平均通勤时间没有显着差异。这些结果凸显了低成本公共交通对于城市贫民中弱势群体的重要性。
This study examined how the poor traveled to work in Bangkok, Thailand. Two sets of travel surveys were conducted in groups categorized as low income: residents in low-income communities and low-paid workers in various job locations. The results confirmed the general understanding that travel behaviors of the poor depended not only on income but also on public transport availability, job location, and home community location. Suburban residents with limited public transport services tended to travel by private motorcycles and to spend a large portion of household transport expenditures on vehicle and fuel costs. Others who lived near public transport services depended more on public transport and spent a larger share of transport expenditures on fares. No significant difference in household transport expenditures between the two groups was found. The travel survey by occupation revealed that privately owned motorcycles were the most popular mode, followed by employer-provided transport and public buses. Informal modes constituted a small share because of the relatively high fares. The average commute costs of informal modes were higher than the average cost of public buses and were closer to the average cost of private motorcycles. Male commuters were more dependent on private motorcycles and less on public transport than female commuters. With age, dependence on private motorcycles increased and dependence on public transport decreased. Average commute times did not vary significantly among occupational groups. These results highlighted the importance of low-cost public transport to vulnerable subgroups of the urban poor.