The molecular basis of venom resistance in the non-venomous snake Sinonatrix annularis
The molecular basis of venom resistance in the non-venomous snake Sinonatrix annularis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123182
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Huang Chunhong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lian Qi;Zhang Denghong;Fu Kepu;Liu Chunju;Cao Liyun;Xiong Kejia;Huang Chunhong
Various snake species and snake predators have natural neutralization against snake toxins, which their antidotal abilities are commonly attributed to the intrinsic inhibitors produced by the liver, e.g., phospholipase A2 inhibitor (PLI) and metalloproteinase inhibitor (SVMPI). Sinonatrix annularis was found to possess broad-spectrum neutralization to different snake venoms in our lab. Although the anti-venom compound PLIγ has been previously characterized in our laboratory, the mechanism of resistance of S. annularis to snake venoms remains obscure. In this research, a venom affinity chromatography was . constructed by immobilizing D. acutus venom to NHSagarose beads and applied for antitoxins mining from S. annularis. The binding capacity of the venom column was validated using a self-prepared rabbit antivenom against D. acutus. Serum and liver homogenate of S. annularis were then applied to the column, the bound components were profiled using SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry. PLIs, snake venom metalloproteins inhibitor (SVMPI), small serum protein (SSP), heat shock proteins, etc were identified. To identify their toxin targets in D. acutus venom, a reverse separation was conducted by coupling the fractionated S. annularis serum proteins to NHS-agarose beads. Fifteen toxins of five families were captured and identified as follows: PLA2s, metalloproteinases, cysteine-rich secretory proteins, snake venom serine proteinases, and C-type lectins. These discoveries increased our understanding of the capacity and mechanism of the natural neutralization of S. annularis to snake venom. These natural inhibitors are medically significant due to their powerful and broad antidotal activities, which may provide alternative and promising drug candidates for snakebite treatment.
