ELECTRONIC WAVE-FUNCTIONS IN SEMICONDUCTOR CLUSTERS - EXPERIMENT AND THEORY
ELECTRONIC WAVE-FUNCTIONS IN SEMICONDUCTOR CLUSTERS - EXPERIMENT AND THEORY
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DOI：
10.1021/j100403a003
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发表时间：
1986-06-05
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
BRUS, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BRUS, L
在这篇手稿中，我们批判性地回顾并更详细地讨论了最近在~15A到几百埃的半导体微晶体电子性质与尺寸相关的发展方面的实验和理论工作。我们特别用化学价术语来解释半导体的电子性质。这些微晶可以被称为“团簇”，因为它们太小了，即使它们表现出块状的晶体结构，也不能具有块状的电子波功能。主要的实验证据来自最近的一项发现，即可以控制液相沉淀反应来形成和稳定这种尺寸范围的晶态半导体团簇。团簇的电子性质可以在稀胶溶液中进行光学研究。通过透射电子显微镜直接揭示了团簇内部的晶体结构。结果表明，团簇电子波函数对体相Bloch分子轨道的逼近非常慢，是团簇大小的函数。这一结果可以通过具有强定向化学键的晶体材料中存在的本征电子离域来分析预测。
In this manuscript we critically review, and discuss in greater detail, recent experimental and theoretical work in the size-dependent development of bulkelectronic properties in semiconductor crystallites of~ 15 A to several hundred angstroms. A special effort is made to explain semiconducting electronic properties using chemical valence terminology. These crystallites can be termed “clusters” because they are too small to have bulklike electronic wave functions even though they exhibit bulklike crystal structure. The principal experimental evidence comes from the recent discovery that liquid-phase precipitation reactions can be controlled to make and stabilize crystalline semiconductor clusters in this size range. The cluster electronic properties can be studied optically in dilute colloidal solutions. The cluster internal crystal structure is directly revealed by transmission electron microscopy. The results indicate that the approach of cluster electronic wave functions to the bulk Bloch molecular orbitals is exceedingly slow as a function of cluster size. This result can be analytically predicted in terms of the intrinsic electron delocalization present in crystalline materials with strong, directional chemical bonding.