Thinking globally, acting locally: harnessing the immune system to deal with recalcitrant pathogens.
Thinking globally, acting locally: harnessing the immune system to deal with recalcitrant pathogens.
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DOI：
10.1128/mbio.00382-15
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发表时间：
2015-04-28
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Russell MW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Russell MW
利用免疫系统对抗传染病的传统方法依赖于疫苗，疫苗通常被证明非常有效，但对于许多感染来说，这些方法要么无法获得，要么效力有限。尽管抗生素治疗在减轻细菌疾病负担方面取得了极大的成功，但几种重要病原体之间出现的耐药性可能会破坏这一成就，尽管取得了一些成功，但对病毒、真菌和寄生虫感染的化疗治疗更加有限。了解病原体操纵免疫系统以利于它们生存的机制，或利用宿主免疫中的弱点，可以通过重定向宿主免疫反应来治疗感染的新方法。这种治疗可能最有效地应用于通常是最初感染部位的粘膜部位，也可能为疫苗开发提供新的方法。
Traditional approaches to harnessing the immune system to confront infectious diseases depend on vaccines, which have generally proven highly effective, but for many infections these either are not available or are of limited effectiveness. Although antibiotic therapy has been extremely successful in reducing the burden of bacterial disease, the emergence of resistance among several important pathogens threatens to undermine this accomplishment, and despite some successes chemotherapeutic treatments for viral, fungal, and parasitic infections are more limited. Understanding the mechanisms whereby pathogens manipulate the immune system to favor their survival, or exploit weaknesses in host immunity, can lead to novel approaches for the treatment of infections by redirecting host immune responses against the pathogen. Such treatments may be most effectively applied at the mucosal locations which are frequently the sites of initial infection and may also suggest new approaches for vaccine development.